Physiotherapeutic Rehabilitative Approach in an Adult With Hemifacial Microsomia: A Case Report

Abstract

Hemifacial microsomia is described as a congenital defect in which one-half of the face has an insufficient amount of skeletal and soft tissues. Underdeveloped temporomandibular joints, mandibular ramus, masticatory muscles, ears, and anomalies in face nerves and muscles are among the symptoms of this syndrome. We discuss the case of an 18-year-old young adult who has had facial asymmetry and malformation of the right ear from birth, as well as trouble chewing. Prior to surgery, the patient's mouth opening was restricted, and following surgery, the patient reported having trouble chewing and only a superficial mouth opening. A suitable and well-designed physical therapy programme was created for the patient in response to his clinical presentation, focusing on improving mouth opening and range of motion on the affected side. The purpose of this case study is to illustrate the major role therapeutic interventions can play in the treatment of hemifacial microsomia.

Keywords: hemifacial microsomia; interventions; pain; physical therapy; rehabilitation.

Figure 1. Facial PNF exercise demonstrated on the patient

PNF: proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation

Figure 2. Mouth opening pre-treatment

Figure 3. Mouth opening post-treatment