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. 2022 Sep 30;35(2):111-119.
doi: 10.54589/aol.35/2/111.

Bulk-fill restorative composites under simulated carious and erosive conditions

Alfredo W Zenkner-Neto  1 , Waldemir F Vieira-Junior  1 , Flávia Lb Amaral  1 , Fabiana Mg França  1 , Roberta T Basting  1 , Cecilia P Turssi  2
Affiliations

Bulk-fill restorative composites under simulated carious and erosive conditions

Alfredo W Zenkner-Neto et al. Acta Odontol Latinoam. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Acidic conditions can cause hydrolysis and accelerate degradation of resin composites (RCs). Since there are limited and controversial data on the effect of acids on bulk-fill RCs, this study assessed the surface roughness (SR) and flexural strength (FS) of these RCs under simulated carious and erosion conditions. Bars of Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF, 3M/ESPE), X-tra fil (XTF, Voco), Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill (TBF, Ivoclar/Vivadent), and Aura Bulk Fill (ABF, SDI) and a conventional RC [Filtek Z350XT (FZ, 3M/ESPE)] were allocated (n=15) to undergo caries or erosion conditions. The control group was kept in artificial saliva (AS). The bars were evaluated for SR change (final-baseline) and for three-point FS. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test. At the baseline (p <0.001), the SR of RCs ranked as follows: (TBF = XTF) < FBF (none differed from FZ) < ABF. The interplay between RCs and conditions affected SR change (p = 0.025). While after storage in AS, there was no difference among RCs, following carious and erosive conditions, ABF showed higher SR change. For FS (p <0.001), XTF > (FBF = FZ) > (TBF = FZ) > ABF, with no difference among control, carious and erosive conditions (p = 0.148). Depending on the restorative bulk-fill RCs, carious and erosive conditions roughen the surface but do not affect the FS of these materials.

Condições acídicas podem causar hidrólise e acelerar a degradação de resinas compostas (RCs). Como há dados limitados e controversos sobre os efeitos de ácidos sobre RCs bulk-fill, este estudo avaliou a rugosidade de superfície (RS) e a resistência flexural (RF) dessas RCs sob condições simuladas de cárie e erosão. Barras de Filtek Bulk Fill (FBF, 3M/ESPE), X-tra fil (XTF, Voco), Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill (TBF, Ivoclar/Vivadent) e Aura Bulk Fill (ABF, SDI) e de uma RC convencional [Filtek Z350XT (FZ, 3M/ESPE)] foram alocadas (n=15) para estarem sob condições cariogênicas ou erosivas. O grupo controle foi mantido em saliva artificial saliva (SA). As barras foram avaliadas quanto à alteração de RS (final-inicial) e à RF de três pontos. Os dados foram analisados utilizando ANOVA e teste de Tukey. Inicialmente (p <0,001) a RS das RCs foi a seguinte: (TBF = XTF) < FBF (nenhuma diferiu de FZ)< ABF. A interação entre as RCs e as condições acídicas influenciou a alteração de RS (p = 0,025). Após armazenamento na SA, não houve diferença entre as RCs, enquanto após condições cariogênicas e erosivas a ABF mostrou a maior alteração de RS. Para FS (p < 0,001), XTF > (FBF = FZ) > (TBF = FZ) >ABF, sem diferença entre controle e condições cariogênicas e erosivas (p = 0,148). Dependendo da RC bulk-fill restauradora, condições cariogênicas e erosivas aumentam a RS, mas não alteram a RF desses materiais.

Keywords: acids; composite resins; dental caries; tooth erosion.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest regarding the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1. Photomicrographs of restorative bulk-fill and conventional composites after storage in conditions of carious or erosive challenges or in artificial saliva. A, B, and C) Filtek Z350 XT; D, E, and F) Filtek Bulk Fill; G, H, and I) X-tra fil; J, K, and L) Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill; M, N, and O) Aura Bulk Fill. The first column presents resin composites stored in artificial saliva (A, D, G, J, and M). The second column presents resin composites submitted to the in vitro caries model (B, E, H, K, and N). The third column presents resin composites submitted to the in vitro erosion model (C, F, I, L, and O). Note: The arrows indicate surface alterations: the line arrows (→) indicate a detachment of filler particles (H and I); the right-pointing double arrow (➾) represents an exposure of filler particles (L); and the right-pointing thick arrow (➯) indicates degradation associated with damage and irregular surface (N and O).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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