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. 2022 Oct 3:28:1610645.
doi: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610645. eCollection 2022.

Pomalidomide Treatment in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients-Real-World Data From Hungary

Szilvia Lovas  1 , Nóra Obajed Al-Ali  1 , Gergely Varga  2 , Virág Szita  2 , Hussain Alizadeh  3 , Márk Plander  4 , Péter Rajnics  5 , Árpád Illés  1 , Zsuzsa Szemlaky  6 , Gábor Mikala  6 , László Váróczy  1
Affiliations

Pomalidomide Treatment in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma Patients-Real-World Data From Hungary

Szilvia Lovas et al. Pathol Oncol Res. .

Abstract

Pomalidomide is a third generation immunomodulatory drug in the treatment of refractory and relapsed multiple myeloma patients. Our aim was to investigate the efficacy and safety of pomalidomide therapy in a real world setting. Eighty-six Hungarian patients were included, 45 of whom received pomalidomide ± an alkylating agent, while in 38 of them pomalidomide was combined with a proteasome inhibitor. 56 patients (65%) showed any response to the treatment with 18 complete or very good partial remissions and 38 partial remissions. At a median duration of follow-up of 18.6 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 9.03 months, while the median overall survival (OS) was 16.53 months in the whole cohort. Patients with early stage disease (R-ISS 1 and 2) had better survival results than those with stage 3 myeloma (p = 0.002). Neither the number of prior treatment lines, nor lenalidomide refractoriness had a significant impact on PFS. PFS was found similar between the cohort of patients with impaired renal function and the cohort without kidney involvement. During the study, eight mortal infections and two fatal bleeding complications occurred, however, mild hematologic and gastrointestinal toxicities were identified as the most frequent adverse events. The results of our investigations confirm that pomalidomide is an effective treatment option for relapsed/refractory MM, besides, the safety profile is satisfactory in subjects with both normal and impaired renal function.

Keywords: multiple myeloma; pomalidomide; survival; toxicity; treatment response.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Treatment response rates.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Overall and progression free survival of the whole population.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
(A) Progression free survival according to the treatment combination. (B) Progression free survival according to R-ISS. (C) Progression free survival according to the FISH results. (D) Progression free survival according to the renal function. (E) Progression free surivival according to extramedullary manifestation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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