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. 2022 Jan-Dec:29:10732748221136440.
doi: 10.1177/10732748221136440.

Colorectal Cancer Survival Trends in the United States From 1992 to 2018 Differ Among Persons From Five Racial and Ethnic Groups According to Stage at Diagnosis: A SEER-Based Study

Vernon S Pankratz  1   2 , Deborah Kanda  2 , Nicholas Edwardson  3 , Kevin English  4 , Prajakta Adsul  1   2 , Yiting Li  1 , Gulshan Parasher  1 , Shiraz I Mishra  2   5   6
Affiliations

Colorectal Cancer Survival Trends in the United States From 1992 to 2018 Differ Among Persons From Five Racial and Ethnic Groups According to Stage at Diagnosis: A SEER-Based Study

Vernon S Pankratz et al. Cancer Control. 2022 Jan-Dec.

Abstract

Introduction: Survival following colorectal cancer (CRC) has improved in the US since 1975, but there is limited information on stage-specific survival trends among racial and ethnic subgroups.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare trends in 1- and 5-year CRC cause-specific survival in the United States by both stage and race/ethnicity.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of individuals diagnosed with CRC using the 1992-2018 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database. We estimated and compared time trends in 1- and 5-year survival for CRC stage by race/ethnicity.

Results: Data from 399 220 individuals diagnosed with CRC were available. There were significant differences in stage-specific 1-year survival trends by race and ethnicity. Differences were most notable for distant stage CRC: survival probabilities increased most consistently for non-Hispanic American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) and Black (NHB) persons, but their trend lines were lower than those of Hispanic, and non-Hispanic Asian/Pacific Islander (API) and White (NHW) persons, whose initially greater gains appear to be slowing. Although the data do not support significant racial/ethnic differences in 5-year CRC survival trends by stage, AIAN and NHB persons have the lowest average survival probabilities for multiple CRC stages, and no racial/ethnic group has 5-year survival probabilities above 20% for distant-stage CRC.

Conclusion: Although there has been an overall improvement in adjusted CRC-specific survival probabilities since 1992, AIAN and NHB persons continue to experience worse prognosis than those of other races/ethnicities. This highlights the importance of reinvigorating efforts to understand the causes of mortality in CRC, including those which may differ according to an individual's race or ethnicity.

Keywords: cause-specific survival; colorectal cancer; disparities; minority health; trends.

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Conflict of interest statement

The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Trends in 1- and 5-year adjusted cause-specific survival probabilities for individuals diagnosed at different stages of colorectal cancer. Shaded bands reflect 95% prediction intervals for the year-specific survival probabilities.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Trends in 1-year adjusted survival probabilities for individuals from racial and ethnic subgroups diagnosed at different stages of colorectal cancer from 1992 through 2018.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Trends in 5-year adjusted survival probabilities for individuals from racial and ethnic subgroups diagnosed at different stages of colorectal cancer from 1992 through 2014.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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