Ryugu's nucleosynthetic heritage from the outskirts of the Solar System

Timo Hopp¹, Nicolas Dauphas¹, Yoshinari Abe², Jérôme Aléon³, Conel M O'D Alexander⁴, Sachiko Amari^{5

6}, Yuri Amelin⁷, Ken-Ichi Bajo⁸, Martin Bizzarro⁹, Audrey Bouvier¹⁰, Richard W Carlson⁴, Marc Chaussidon¹¹, Byeon-Gak Choi¹², Andrew M Davis¹, Tommaso Di Rocco¹³, Wataru Fujiya¹⁴, Ryota Fukai¹⁵, Ikshu Gautam¹⁶, Makiko K Haba¹⁶, Yuki Hibiya^{17

18}, Hiroshi Hidaka¹⁹, Hisashi Homma²⁰, Peter Hoppe²¹, Gary R Huss²², Kiyohiro Ichida²³, Tsuyoshi Iizuka²⁴, Trevor R Ireland²⁵, Akira Ishikawa¹⁶, Motoo Ito²⁶, Shoichi Itoh²⁷, Noriyuki Kawasaki⁸, Noriko T Kita²⁸, Kouki Kitajima²⁸, Thorsten Kleine²⁹, Shintaro Komatani²³, Alexander N Krot²², Ming-Chang Liu^{30

31}, Yuki Masuda¹⁶, Kevin D McKeegan³⁰, Mayu Morita²³, Kazuko Motomura³², Frédéric Moynier¹¹, Izumi Nakai³², Kazuhide Nagashima²², David Nesvorný³³, Ann Nguyen³⁴, Larry Nittler^{4

35}, Morihiko Onose²³, Andreas Pack¹³, Changkun Park³⁶, Laurette Piani³⁷, Liping Qin³⁸, Sara S Russell³⁹, Naoya Sakamoto⁴⁰, Maria Schönbächler⁴¹, Lauren Tafla³⁰, Haolan Tang^{30

42}, Kentaro Terada⁴³, Yasuko Terada⁴⁴, Tomohiro Usui¹⁵, Sohei Wada⁸, Meenakshi Wadhwa³⁵, Richard J Walker⁴⁵, Katsuyuki Yamashita⁴⁶, Qing-Zhu Yin⁴⁷, Tetsuya Yokoyama¹⁶, Shigekazu Yoneda⁴⁸, Edward D Young³⁰, Hiroharu Yui⁴⁹, Ai-Cheng Zhang⁵⁰, Tomoki Nakamura⁵¹, Hiroshi Naraoka⁵², Takaaki Noguchi²⁶, Ryuji Okazaki⁵², Kanako Sakamoto¹⁵, Hikaru Yabuta⁵³, Masanao Abe¹⁵, Akiko Miyazaki¹⁵, Aiko Nakato¹⁵, Masahiro Nishimura¹⁵, Tatsuaki Okada¹⁵, Toru Yada¹⁵, Kasumi Yogata¹⁵, Satoru Nakazawa¹⁵, Takanao Saiki¹⁵, Satoshi Tanaka¹⁵, Fuyuto Terui⁵⁴, Yuichi Tsuda¹⁵, Sei-Ichiro Watanabe¹⁹, Makoto Yoshikawa¹⁵, Shogo Tachibana⁵⁵, Hisayoshi Yurimoto⁸

Affiliations

¹ Origins Laboratory, Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
² Graduate School of Engineering Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan.
³ Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7590, IRD, 75005 Paris, France.
⁴ Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA.
⁵ McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences and Physics Department, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
⁶ Geochemical Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
⁷ Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, GD 510640, China.
⁸ Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
⁹ Centre for Star and Planet Formation, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K 1350, Denmark.
¹⁰ Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germany.
¹¹ Université Paris Cité, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
¹² Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
¹³ Faculty of Geosciences and Geography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen D-37077, Germany.
¹⁴ Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan.
¹⁵ Institute of Space and Astronautical Science/JAXA Space Exploration Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
¹⁶ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
¹⁷ Department of General Systems Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-0041, Japan.
¹⁸ Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
¹⁹ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
²⁰ Osaka Application Laboratory, SBUWDX, Rigaku Corporation, Osaka 569-1146, Japan.
²¹ Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany.
²² Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
²³ Analytical Technology Division, Horiba Techno Service Co. Ltd., Kyoto 601-8125, Japan.
²⁴ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
²⁵ School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
²⁶ Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, JAMSTEC, Kochi 783-8502, Japan.
²⁷ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
²⁸ Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
²⁹ Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
³⁰ Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
³¹ Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
³² Thermal Analysis, Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan.
³³ Department of Space Studies, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
³⁴ Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
³⁵ School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
³⁶ Division of Earth-System Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea.
³⁷ Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques, CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France.
³⁸ Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
³⁹ Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.
⁴⁰ Isotope Imaging Laboratory, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
⁴¹ Institute for Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁴² University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
⁴³ Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
⁴⁴ Spectroscopy and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.
⁴⁵ Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
⁴⁶ Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
⁴⁷ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
⁴⁸ Department Science and Engineering, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan.
⁴⁹ Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
⁵⁰ School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
⁵¹ Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
⁵² Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
⁵³ Earth and Planetary Systems Science Program, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
⁵⁴ Graduate School of Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan.
⁵⁵ UTokyo Organization for Planetary and Space Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

PMID: 36264823
PMCID: PMC11627214
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add8141

Ryugu's nucleosynthetic heritage from the outskirts of the Solar System

Timo Hopp et al. Sci Adv. 2022.

. 2022 Nov 18;8(46):eadd8141.

doi: 10.1126/sciadv.add8141. Epub 2022 Nov 16.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Origins Laboratory, Department of the Geophysical Sciences and Enrico Fermi Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
² Graduate School of Engineering Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo Denki University, Tokyo 120-8551, Japan.
³ Institut de Minéralogie, de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie, Sorbonne Université, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS UMR 7590, IRD, 75005 Paris, France.
⁴ Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, USA.
⁵ McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences and Physics Department, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
⁶ Geochemical Research Center, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
⁷ Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, GD 510640, China.
⁸ Department of Natural History Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
⁹ Centre for Star and Planet Formation, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen K 1350, Denmark.
¹⁰ Bayerisches Geoinstitut, Universität Bayreuth, Bayreuth 95447, Germany.
¹¹ Université Paris Cité, Institut de physique du globe de Paris, CNRS, 75005 Paris, France.
¹² Department of Earth Science Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
¹³ Faculty of Geosciences and Geography, University of Göttingen, Göttingen D-37077, Germany.
¹⁴ Faculty of Science, Ibaraki University, Mito 310-8512, Japan.
¹⁵ Institute of Space and Astronautical Science/JAXA Space Exploration Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 252-5210, Japan.
¹⁶ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan.
¹⁷ Department of General Systems Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-0041, Japan.
¹⁸ Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
¹⁹ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
²⁰ Osaka Application Laboratory, SBUWDX, Rigaku Corporation, Osaka 569-1146, Japan.
²¹ Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz 55128, Germany.
²² Hawai'i Institute of Geophysics and Planetology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
²³ Analytical Technology Division, Horiba Techno Service Co. Ltd., Kyoto 601-8125, Japan.
²⁴ Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
²⁵ School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
²⁶ Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, JAMSTEC, Kochi 783-8502, Japan.
²⁷ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
²⁸ Department of Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
²⁹ Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
³⁰ Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
³¹ Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
³² Thermal Analysis, Rigaku Corporation, Tokyo 196-8666, Japan.
³³ Department of Space Studies, Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
³⁴ Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.
³⁵ School of Earth and Space Exploration, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.
³⁶ Division of Earth-System Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon 21990, Korea.
³⁷ Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques, CNRS-Université de Lorraine, 54500 Nancy, France.
³⁸ Deep Space Exploration Laboratory/CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Mantle Materials and Environments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
³⁹ Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, UK.
⁴⁰ Isotope Imaging Laboratory, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan.
⁴¹ Institute for Geochemistry and Petrology, Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
⁴² University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.
⁴³ Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
⁴⁴ Spectroscopy and Imaging Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan.
⁴⁵ Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
⁴⁶ Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
⁴⁷ Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
⁴⁸ Department Science and Engineering, National Museum of Nature and Science, Tsukuba 305-0005, Japan.
⁴⁹ Department of Chemistry, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo 162-8601, Japan.
⁵⁰ School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
⁵¹ Department of Earth Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
⁵² Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
⁵³ Earth and Planetary Systems Science Program, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
⁵⁴ Graduate School of Engineering, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi 243-0292, Japan.
⁵⁵ UTokyo Organization for Planetary and Space Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.

PMID: 36264823
PMCID: PMC11627214
DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.add8141

Abstract

Little is known about the origin of the spectral diversity of asteroids and what it says about conditions in the protoplanetary disk. Here, we show that samples returned from Cb-type asteroid Ryugu have Fe isotopic anomalies indistinguishable from Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites, which are distinct from all other carbonaceous chondrites. Iron isotopes, therefore, demonstrate that Ryugu and CI chondrites formed in a reservoir that was different from the source regions of other carbonaceous asteroids. Growth and migration of the giant planets destabilized nearby planetesimals and ejected some inward to be implanted into the Main Belt. In this framework, most carbonaceous chondrites may have originated from regions around the birthplaces of Jupiter and Saturn, while the distinct isotopic composition of CI chondrites and Ryugu may reflect their formation further away in the disk, owing their presence in the inner Solar System to excitation by Uranus and Neptune.

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Figures

**Fig. 1.. Previously published isotopic anomalies of Ti, Cr, and O in Ryugu and other Solar System materials.**
Plots of μ⁵⁰Ti versus μ⁵⁴Cr (A), μ⁵⁰Ti versus Δ¹⁷O (B), and μ⁵⁴Cr versus Δ¹⁷O (C). In these diagrams, Ryugu and CI represent an endmember to the CC array. Data for Ryugu are from Yokoyama *et al.* (6). The average Ti and Cr isotopic compositions of NC and CC meteorite groups and Earth’s mantle are from the data compilation of Burkhardt *et al.* (64) and O isotopic data from the compilation of Dauphas (65). Uncertainties for individual groups are the 95% confidence interval of the mean. If not visible, error bars are smaller than symbols.

**Fig. 2.. Fe isotopic anomalies of returned samples from Cb-type asteroid (162173) Ryugu and carbonaceous chondrites (Table 1).**
Ryugu samples and CI chondrites have identical μ⁵⁴Fe values, which are distinct from all other carbonaceous chondrite groups [CM, CV, CO, CR, and Ung (ungrouped)]. The open triangle is the CI chondrite average from Schiller *et al.* (22).

**Fig. 3.. Isotopic anomalies of Fe and Ti in Solar System materials.**
Ryugu samples and CI chondrites have identical μ⁵⁴Fe and μ⁵⁰Ti values that are distinct from other meteorites. Red circles correspond to NC chondrite groups (E, enstatite; R, rumuruti; OC, ordinary chondrites), red diamonds to NC achondrites (Ure, ureilites; Dio, diogenites), and blue circles to CC chondrite groups (TL, Tagish Lake). The green square is Earth’s mantle. The average composition of Ryugu and CI chondrites is shown as triangles. Average compositions of meteorite groups and Earth’s mantle are calculated using data from this study (Table 1) and the data compilation of Burkhardt *et al.* (64) (table S1). If not visible, error bars are smaller than symbols.

**Fig. 4.. Schematic of the possible source region of Cb-type asteroids and CI chondrites.**
Planetesimals formed in different regions of the protoplanetary disk. Volatile-poor planetesimals (red circles) formed in the inner region, while volatile-rich planetesimals (blue circles) formed beyond Jupiter’s orbit. The growth and migration of the gas and ice giant planets implanted some of the planetesimals into the Main Belt (small arrows), while the majority of planetesimals were transported outward or ejected from the disk (large arrows) (39). A plausible explanation for the distinct Fe nucleosynthetic heritage and primitive chemical composition of CI chondrites and Ryugu is that they were implanted in the Main Belt by excitation from Uranus and Neptune (filled bright blue circles), while other CCs formed in more internal regions near Jupiter and Saturn (filled dark blue circles) (fig. S4). The icy planetesimals that were formed around Uranus and Neptune and were ejected outward went to populate the Oort cloud (44, 45). CI chondrites and Ryugu may thus share some parentage with long-period comets. Such a scenario could explain the trichotomy between NC, CC, and CI for nucleosynthetic anomalies (Fig. 3).

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Ryugu's nucleosynthetic heritage from the outskirts of the Solar System

Affiliations

Ryugu's nucleosynthetic heritage from the outskirts of the Solar System

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Figures

References

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources