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. 2022 Oct 20;12(1):17596.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-22418-3.

Diversity of myxozoans parasitizing the catfish Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae), in southeastern Brazil, based on morphological and molecular evidence

Diego Henrique Mirandola Dias Vieira  1 , Rodrigo Bravin Narciso  2 , Reinaldo José da Silva  2
Affiliations

Diversity of myxozoans parasitizing the catfish Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae), in southeastern Brazil, based on morphological and molecular evidence

Diego Henrique Mirandola Dias Vieira et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Rhamdia quelen is a commercially important fish in South America. During the survey of myxozoan infections in fishes from Pardo River, Paranapanema River basin, São Paulo State, Brazil, we describe three new species of Henneguya found parasitizing gills of R. quelen: Henneguya bagre n. sp., Henneguya breviscauda n. sp and Henneguya novaerae n. sp. The descriptions were based on myxospores morphology and small subunit ribosomal DNA partial sequences. Phylogenetic analysis showed a clade formed by species that parasitize Siluriformes, with Henneguya jundiai as a sister species of Henneguya bagre n. sp., Henneguya breviscauda n. sp and Henneguya novaerae n. sp. Our study indicates that the parasites infecting R. quelen belong to a lineage of myxozoans infecting Heptapteridae fishes. Using molecular and morphological characterization, the species were identified as new species for the genus Henneguya. Based on our analysis we recommend monitoring the presence of these parasites in farmed fishes, to analyze possible pathologies caused by them.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
(a) Gills of Rhamdia quelen, collected from the Pardo River containing plasmodium (P) between the gill filaments. (b) Mature myxospore of Henneguya novaerae n. sp. found parasitizing the gills in front view, showing two equally-sized elongated polar capsules located side by side at the previous pole. (c) Mature myxospores of Henneguya novaerae n. sp. Note the nucleus (N) and the extruded tubule (white arrow). (d) Henneguya novaerae n. sp. myxospore in side view.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a)–(f) Line drawings of new Henneguya spp. (a) Front view drawing of Henneguya novaerae n. sp. (b) Side view drawing of Henneguya novaerae n. sp. (c) Front view drawing of Henneguya bagre n. sp. (d) Side view drawing of Henneguya bagre n. sp. (e) Front view drawing of Henneguya breviscauda n. sp. (f) Side view drawing of Henneguya breviscauda n. sp.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(a) Gills of Rhamdia quelen, collected from the Pardo River containing plasmodium (P) inside the gill filaments. (b) Mature myxospore of Henneguya bagre n. sp. found parasitizing the gills in front view. In highlight, the two polar capsules of equal size, elongated, showing 7 turns of the polar tubules inside it. (c) Henneguya bagre n. sp. myxospore in side view. In highlight note the binucleated sporoplasm (N).
Figure 4
Figure 4
(a) Mature myxospore of Henneguya breviscauda n. sp. found parasitizing the gills in front view. Note the polar capsules in unequal size. (b) Henneguya breviscauda n. sp. myxospores in side view.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Phylogenetic tree of Bayesian analysis based on partial ssrDNA sequences showing the position of the new species among other genetically similar Myxobolus/Henneguya species. Node numbers represent the Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI) and bootstrap. Values less than 0.95/65 are represented by dashes. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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