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Review
. 2022 Oct 5:13:1022190.
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1022190. eCollection 2022.

Immunotherapies catering to the unmet medical need of cold colorectal cancer

Jun Yuan  1 , Jiarui Li  2 , Ce Gao  3 , Chun Jiang  3 , Ze Xiang  2 , Jian Wu  3
Affiliations
Review

Immunotherapies catering to the unmet medical need of cold colorectal cancer

Jun Yuan et al. Front Immunol. .

Abstract

As a common malignant tumor of gastrointestinal tract, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) has gradually increased in recent years. In western developed countries, it has even become the second largest malignant tumor next to lung cancer. Immunotherapy is a hot topic in the field of cancer therapy, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), adoptive cell therapy (ACT), cancer vaccines and cytokines, aiming to improve the ability of the immune system to recognize, target and eliminate cancer cells. However, cold CRC, which accounts for a high proportion of CRC, is not so reactive to it. The development of immunotherapy to prevent cancer cells from forming "immune escape" pathways to the immune system in cold CRC, has been under increasing study attention. There is proof that an organic combination of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and several immunotherapies can considerably boost the immune system's capacity to eradicate tumor cells. In this review, we summarized the role of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. In addition, we propose a breakthrough and strategy to improve the role of immunotherapy in cold CRC based on its characteristics.

Keywords: adoptive cell therapy (ACT); cancer vaccines; cold colorectal cancer; cytokines; immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of different types of cancer vaccines and characteristics of new adjuvants.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Applications of Immunotherapy in Cold CRC.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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