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. 2022 Oct 6:13:905113.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.905113. eCollection 2022.

Effectiveness of music therapy in children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiaohua Ke  1   2 , Wei Song  3 , Minguang Yang  1 , Jianhong Li  1 , Weilin Liu  1
Affiliations

Effectiveness of music therapy in children with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Xiaohua Ke et al. Front Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Objectives: This study was to investigated the efficacy of music therapy (MT) in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) via a meta-analysis that comprehensively evaluated data from all eligible research in this field.

Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Setting: A systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases from inception to October 2021 to identify studies that administered MT to children with ASD.

Results: Eight randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including 608 participants met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis showed that MT was associated with a significant increase in social reactions among children with ASD (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.03, 0.46], I 2 = 0%, P = 0.03). However, MT did not elicit a significant increase in symptom severity (SMD = 0.17, 95% CI [-0.04,0.38], I 2 = 0%,P = 0.12), social adaptive behavior (SMD = 0.02, 95% CI [-0.44,0.48], I 2 = 0%,P = 0.93) or speech (SMD = 0.04, 95% CI [-0.39, 0.47], I 2 = 0%, P = 0.86) in children with ASD.

Conclusion: MT can improve social skills in children with ASD; however, there does not seem to be a consensus on the persistence of its effects. These findings can inform clinical practice. Promoting the use of MT in children with ASD and improving its symptoms are the ultimate goals.

Keywords: autism spectrum disorder; children; music therapy; social interaction; speech.

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Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
PRISMA flow chart. Showing the article selection process. Eight chosen articles.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Risk of bias in the included studies.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Forest plots of the effect of MT on symptoms severity compared with no MT; SD, standard deviation; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; IV: inverse variance method.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Forest plots of of MT (vs. no-MT) effect on the SRS score; SD: standard deviation; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; IV: inverse variance method.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Forest plots of the MT (vs. no-MT) effect on social adaptation. SD: standard deviation; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; IV: inverse variance method.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
Forest plots of the MT (vs. no-MT) effect on speech. SD: standard deviation; 95% CI: 95% confidence interval; IV: inverse variance method.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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