Evaluating new treatments for anaplastic thyroid cancer

Andrés Coca-Pelaz¹, Juan P Rodrigo¹, Fernando Lopez¹, Jatin P Shah², Carl E Silver³, Abir Al Ghuzlan⁴, C Willemien Menke-van der Houven van Oordt⁵, Robert C Smallridge⁶, Ashok R Shaha², Peter Angelos⁷, William M Mendenhall⁸, Cesare Piazza⁹, Kerry D Olsen¹⁰, June Corry¹¹, Ralph P Tufano¹², Alvaro Sanabria¹³, Sandra Nuyts^{14

15}, Cherie-Ann Nathan¹⁶, Vincent Vander Poorten^{17

18}, Fernando Luiz Dias¹⁹, Carlos Suarez²⁰, Nabil F Saba²¹, Pim de Graaf²², Michelle D Williams²³, Alessandra Rinaldo²⁴, Alfio Ferlito²⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain.
² Head and Neck Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
³ Departments of Surgery and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
⁴ Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
⁵ Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam Center for Endocrine and Neuro Endocrine Tumors (ACcENT), Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
⁶ Division of Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
⁷ Department of Surgery and MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
⁸ Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
⁹ Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹¹ Department Radiation Oncology, GenesisCare St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
¹² FPG Thyroid and Parathyroid Center, Division of Head and Neck Endocrine Surgery, The Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, FL, USA.
¹³ Department of Surgery, Universidad de Antioquia, CEXCA Centro de Excelencia en Enfermedades de Cabeza y cuello, Medellín, Colombia.
¹⁴ Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁵ Department of Radiation Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁶ Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University-Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Oncology, Section Head and Neck Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁸ Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁹ Head and Neck Surgery Section, Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
²⁰ Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain.
²¹ Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
²² Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
²³ Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
²⁴ University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy.
²⁵ Coordinator of the International Head Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy.

PMID: 36283091
DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2139680

Review

Evaluating new treatments for anaplastic thyroid cancer

Andrés Coca-Pelaz et al. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 2022 Nov.

. 2022 Nov;22(11):1239-1247.

doi: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2139680. Epub 2022 Nov 9.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, University of Oviedo, ISPA, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain.
² Head and Neck Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
³ Departments of Surgery and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
⁴ Department of Medical Biology and Pathology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
⁵ Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam Center for Endocrine and Neuro Endocrine Tumors (ACcENT), Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Imaging and Biomarkers, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
⁶ Division of Medicine, Mayo Clinic School of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
⁷ Department of Surgery and MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
⁸ Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
⁹ Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy.
¹⁰ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹¹ Department Radiation Oncology, GenesisCare St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
¹² FPG Thyroid and Parathyroid Center, Division of Head and Neck Endocrine Surgery, The Sarasota Memorial Health Care System, Sarasota, FL, USA.
¹³ Department of Surgery, Universidad de Antioquia, CEXCA Centro de Excelencia en Enfermedades de Cabeza y cuello, Medellín, Colombia.
¹⁴ Laboratory of Experimental Radiotherapy, Department of Oncology, University of Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁵ Department of Radiation Oncology, Leuven Cancer Institute, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁶ Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University-Health Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Oncology, Section Head and Neck Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁸ Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven, Belgium.
¹⁹ Head and Neck Surgery Section, Instituto Nacional do Câncer (INCA), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
²⁰ Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, IUOPA, CIBERONC, Oviedo, Spain.
²¹ Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, The Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
²² Cancer Center Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
²³ Department of Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
²⁴ University of Udine School of Medicine, Udine, Italy.
²⁵ Coordinator of the International Head Neck Scientific Group, Padua, Italy.

PMID: 36283091
DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2022.2139680

Abstract

Introduction: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is one of the most lethal diseases known to humans with a median survival of 5 months. The American Thyroid Association (ATA) recently published guidelines for the treatment of this dreadful thyroid malignancy.

Areas covered: This review presents the current therapeutic landscape of this challenging disease. We also present the results from trials published over the last five years and summarize currently active clinical trials.

Expert opinion: Recent attempts to improve the prognosis of these tumors are moving toward personalized medicine, basing the treatment decision on the specific genetic profile of the individual tumor. The positive results of dabrafenib and trametinib for ATC harboring the BRAF V600E mutation have provided a useful treatment option. For the other genetic profiles, different drugs are available and can be used to individualize the treatment, likely using drug combinations. Combinations of drugs act on different molecular pathways and achieve inhibition at separate areas. With new targeted therapies, average survival has improved considerably and death from local disease progression or airway compromise is less likely with improvement in quality of life. Unfortunately, the results remain poor in terms of survival.

Keywords: Anaplastic thyroid cancer; Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors; immune checkpoint inhibitors; immunotherapy; targeted therapy; treatment.

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Evaluating new treatments for anaplastic thyroid cancer

Affiliations

Evaluating new treatments for anaplastic thyroid cancer

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

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Medical

Research Materials