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. 2022 Oct 17;10(10):193.
doi: 10.3390/dj10100193.

Cannabidiol in Dentistry: A Scoping Review

Carla David  1   2 , Alejandro Elizalde-Hernández  2 , Andressa S Barboza  2 , Gabriela C Cardoso  2 , Mateus B F Santos  2 , Rafael R Moraes  2
Affiliations

Cannabidiol in Dentistry: A Scoping Review

Carla David et al. Dent J (Basel). .

Abstract

Cannabidiol (CBD) has been gaining increased attention in contemporary society but seems to have been little explored in dentistry. This scoping review mapped the scientific and technological scenarios related to the use of CBD in dentistry. Peer-reviewed publications were searched in five international databases, patents were searched in five technological platforms. In total, 11 articles and 13 patents involving CBD in dentistry-related applications were included. The countries contributing to most articles were Brazil (27.3%) and USA (18.2%). The studies involved experiments on animals (63.6%) and/or using bacteria or cells (36.4%), and no clinical study was found. Three different applications of CBD were observed: periodontal therapy (45.4%), aid for bone regeneration (27.3%), and general use in oral therapies (27.3%). Patent inventors were based in China (53.8%) or USA (46.2%). The patent claims were mainly compositions for oral care, tooth whitening, injury repair, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic effects. A total of 76.9% of the patents were filed in association with a company. In general, research suggests that CBD has promising biological properties for applications in dentistry, whereas patents indicate that the current interest of industry relies on compositions for oral care. There appears to be extensive room available for research and technological applications of CBD in dentistry.

Keywords: cannabinoids; cannabis; dental medicine; patents; plants.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the selection process of articles and patents.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Applications of CBD in dentistry according to the reviewed literature. (1) CBD could reduce colonies of periodontal pathogens, showing antimicrobial properties. (2) In soft tissues, CBD could activate CB2 receptors in fibroblasts and lead to gingival fibrosis by increasing the production of gingival fibroblasts via stimulation of growth factors and decrease in matrix metalloproteinases. Simultaneously, CBD could inhibit or modulate the production of cytokines, chemokines, and pro-inflammatory growth factors, interfering with the migration of macrophages and neutrophils, generating anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and analgesic potentials. Potential treatments include ulcers, mucositis, and as an adjunct in periodontal diseases. (3) In bone, CBD may promote the stimulation of mesenchymal cells via p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) toward the lesion site and its differentiation into osteoblasts.
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