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. 2022 Oct 3;7(10):282.
doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed7100282.

Characterization of Leishmania spp. Causing Cutaneous Lesions with a Negative Parasitological Diagnosis in Panama

Adelys M Reina  1 , Juan Castillo Mewa  2 , José E Calzada  1 , Azael Saldaña  1   3
Affiliations

Characterization of Leishmania spp. Causing Cutaneous Lesions with a Negative Parasitological Diagnosis in Panama

Adelys M Reina et al. Trop Med Infect Dis. .

Abstract

A total of 123 DNA samples from Panamanian patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) lesions were evaluated. These samples were previously confirmed with CL by a specific KDNA-Viannia PCR but had a negative parasitological diagnosis (Group A). Epidemiological variables, such as age, sex, geographic origin, evolution time, and the number and location of the lesions, were analyzed. No significant differences (p < 0.05) were found when these variables were evaluated against a control panel of 123 CL lesion samples from CL patients with positive parasitological diagnoses (Group B). Of the 123 samples (Group A), 67% (82/123) gave positive results when re-analyzed by PCR-hsp70. An analysis of 69 of these samples via PCR-hsp70-RFLP showed that 59.4% (41/69) of the found restriction patterns corresponded to Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis and 40.6% (28/69) to Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis. Finally, the sequence and phylogenetic analysis of 32 of the samples confirmed the species in 21 (65.6%, 21/32) samples, originally characterized as L. (V.) panamensis. However, 11 samples (34.4%, 11/32), initially identified via RFLP-Hsp70 as L. (V.) guyanensis, matched the sequence of a genetic variant known as Leishmania sp.1. These results point out the species/genetic variants of Leishmania in the case of CL lesions with an apparently low parasite load.

Keywords: Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis; Panamá; cutaneous leishmaniasis; diagnosis; molecular characterization; parasite load.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Maximum Likelihood Phylogenetic Tree based on the alignment of 1286 nucleotides from the hsp-70 gene sequence. Distances were estimated using the Kimura-3 parameter model. Reference sequences (gen hsp70) appear with a black triangle. The sequences of group A: Leishmania (V.) panamensis (n = 21) and Leishmania sp.1 (n = 11) are identified with green and purple circles, respectively. The sequences of group B, being similar, were not included.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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