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. 2022 Dec:136:105281.
doi: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2022.105281. Epub 2022 Oct 23.

Absence of phototoxicity/photoirritation potential of bergamottin determined In Vitro using OECD TG 432

Magalie Cluzel  1 , Gaëlle Hais  1 , Amaia Irizar  2 , Véronique Lenouvel  1 , J Frank Nash  3 , Christophe Penichot  1 , Céline Sauvage  1 , Matthias Vey  4 , Nicolas Wolf  1
Affiliations

Absence of phototoxicity/photoirritation potential of bergamottin determined In Vitro using OECD TG 432

Magalie Cluzel et al. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 2022 Dec.

Abstract

The phototoxic potential of a number of furocoumarins is well established. On the other hand, studies have shown that bergamottin, a furocoumarin containing a bulky, hydrophobic side chain, has significantly less or is even absent of phototoxicity potential. The OECD Test Guideline 432 3T3/Neutral Red Uptake (NRU) in vitro phototoxicity test has shown to be a highly predictive test for identifying compounds that exhibit no phototoxicological potential. In this study using OECD 432, the established phototoxic furocoumarin 5-methoxypsoralen (5-MOP), 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) and psoralen were phototoxic, whereas bergamottin showed no phototoxic potential. When compared to 5-MOP, 8-MOP and psoralen, bergamottin was clearly negative at molar-adjusted concentrations that were more than 9 times higher than those that produced phototoxicity in 8-MOP; nearly 16 times than those for psoralen and more than 36 times higher than those for 5-MOP. These data using in vitro 3T3 NRU Phototoxicity Test (OECD 432) are supportive of earlier studies showing bergamottin does not exhibit phototoxicological properties. The detection and quantification of bergamottin should therefore not contribute to the potential marker furocoumarins for risk management interventions intended to reduce the phototoxicity of natural furocoumarin containing preparations.

Keywords: 3T3/NRU test; 5-MOP; 8-MOP; Bergamottin; Furocoumarin; OECD TG 432; Psoralen; phototoxicity.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Magalie Cluzel reports financial support was provided by LVMH Recherche. Gaelle Hais reports financial support was provided by LVMH Recherche. Veronique Lenouvel reports financial support was provided by LVMH Recherche. Christophe Penichot reports financial support was provided by LVMH Recherche. Celine Sauvage reports financial support was provided by LVMH Recherche. Nicolas Wolf reports financial support was provided by LVMH Recherche. Amaia Irizar reports financial support was provided by The International Fragrance Association. Magalie Cluzel reports a relationship with LVMH Recherche that includes: employment. Gaelle Hais reports a relationship with LVMH Recherche that includes: employment. Amaia Irizar reports a relationship with The International Fragrance Association that includes: consulting or advisory. Veronique Lenouvel reports a relationship with LVMH Recherche that includes: employment. J. Frank Nash reports a relationship with The Procter & Gamble Company that includes: employment. Christophe Penichot reports a relationship with LVMH Recherche that includes: employment. Celine Sauvage reports a relationship with LVMH Recherche that includes: employment. Matthias Vey reports a relationship with The International Fragrance Association that includes: employment. Nicolas Wolf reports a relationship with LVMH Recherche that includes: employment.

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