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Review
. 2022 Oct 19;10(10):2624.
doi: 10.3390/biomedicines10102624.

Non-Insulin Novel Antidiabetic Drugs Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19

Teodor Salmen  1 , Valeria-Anca Pietroșel  2 , Bianca-Margareta Mihai  1 , Ioana Cristina Bica  1 , Claudiu Teodorescu  1 , Horia Păunescu  3 , Oana Andreia Coman  3 , Doina-Andrada Mihai  2   4 , Anca Pantea Stoian  2   4
Affiliations
Review

Non-Insulin Novel Antidiabetic Drugs Mechanisms in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19

Teodor Salmen et al. Biomedicines. .

Abstract

The present study aimed to analyse the published data and to realize an update about the use and pathogenesis of the novel antidiabetic drugs, respectively, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i), glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 Ra), and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i), in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Literature research in the PubMed and Web of Science database was performed in order to identify relevant published clinical trials and meta-analyses that include information about the treatment with novel antidiabetic agents in patients with T2DM and COVID-19. A total of seven articles were included, and their primary and secondary outcomes were reported and analysed. DPP-4i has mixed results on mortality in T2DM patients with COVID-19 but with an overall slightly favourable or neutral effect, whereas GLP-1 Ra seems to have a rather beneficial impact, while SGLT-2i may be useful in acute illness. Even if there are limited data, they seem to have favourable efficacy and safety profiles. The available evidence is heterogenous and insufficient to evaluate if the benefits of non-insulin novel antidiabetic drugs in COVID-19 treatment are due to the improvement of glycaemic control or to their intrinsic anti-inflammatory effects but highlights their beneficial effects in the pathogenesis and evolution of the disease.

Keywords: COVID-19; dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; pathogenesis; sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors.

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Conflict of interest statement

Anca Pantea Stoian is currently the President of Romanian National Diabetes Committee, and she has given lectures, received honoraria and research support, and participated in conferences, advisory boards, and clinical trials sponsored by pharmaceutical companies, including AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Medtronic, Eli Lilly, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Novartis, Roche Diagnostics, and Sanofi. Doina-Andrada Mihai has given lectures, received honoraria and participated clinical trials sponsored by pharmaceutical companies, including AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Medtronic, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, Servier, and Sanofi. The rest of the authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the study selection process. Flowchart of the study selection process according to PRISMA guidelines.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The implications and possible benefits of novel antidiabetic drugs in COVID.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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