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Review
. 2022 Oct 19;11(10):1534.
doi: 10.3390/biology11101534.

Distribution of the Order Lampriformes in the Mediterranean Sea with Notes on Their Biology, Morphology, and Taxonomy

Marco Albano  1 , Claudio D'Iglio  1   2 , Nunziacarla Spanò  2   3 , Jorge Manuel de Oliveira Fernandes  4 , Serena Savoca  2   3 , Gioele Capillo  2   5
Affiliations
Review

Distribution of the Order Lampriformes in the Mediterranean Sea with Notes on Their Biology, Morphology, and Taxonomy

Marco Albano et al. Biology (Basel). .

Abstract

Lampriformes are circumglobally distributed and contain several families of strictly marine bony fishes that have a peculiar morphology. Lampriformes systematics is affected by limitations in biometric, meristic, and molecular data; for this reason, it underwent several rearrangements in the past. This review aimed to describe the biological and ecological characteristics of the order Lampriformes, summarizing the current taxonomy of the group. The main aim was to clarify what is known about the distribution of the order Lampriformes in the Mediterranean Sea, collecting all the scarce and fragmented reports and notes on their occurrence. Knowledge scarcity is due to their solitary nature, in addition to their low to absent economic value. Despite this, the order Lampriformes represents a taxon of high biological and ecological importance. The high depth range of distribution characterizes their lifestyle. In the Mediterranean Sea, four families are present-Lampridae, Lophotidae, Regalecidae, and Trachipteridae-with the following species respectively, Lampris guttatus (Brünnich, 1788), Lophotus lacepede (Giorna, 1809), Regalecus glesne (Ascanius, 1772), Trachipterus arcticus (Brünnich, 1788), T. trachypterus (Gmelin, 1789), and Zu cristatus (Bonelli, 1819). Data deficiencies affect information on this taxon; the present review, which collected all the reports of the Mediterranean Sea, creates a baseline for depicting the biogeography of these rare and important species.

Keywords: Acanthomorpha; biodiversity; biomonitoring; by-catch; deep-sea fishes; marine environment; ontogeny; phylogeny; teleost; zoological records.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Unrooted radiation tree illustrating the phylogenetic relationships of the Lampriformes species based on the currently available mt-COI sequences.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution map of the Lampridae family occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea, in this case, of the unique species reported in the basin, Lampris guttatus. Red stars show the occurrence of a single specimen; the number inside a star refers to the occurrence of the specified number of specimens in the area.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Distribution map of the Lophotidae family occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea, in this case, of the unique species reported in the basin, Lophotus lacepede. Red stars show the occurrence of a single specimen; the number inside a star refers to the occurrence of the specified number of specimens in the area.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Distribution map of the Regalecidae family occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea, in this case, of the unique species reported in the basin, Regalecus glesne. Red stars show the occurrence of a single specimen; the number inside a star refers to the occurrence of the specified number of specimens in the area.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Distribution map of the Trachipteridae family occurrence in the Mediterranean Sea. The three species reported in the basin were identified by different colors of stars. Blue stars indicate the distribution of Trachipterus arcticus; red stars indicate the distribution of T. arcticus; green stars indicate the distribution of Z. cristatus. Small stars show the occurrence of a single specimen; the number inside a star refers to the occurrence of the specified number of specimens in the area; for the Ligurian Sea, the numbers are not indicated for the distribution of T. trachypterus and Z. cristatus because they were not shown in some studies; however, the sizes of the stars estimate the quantities.
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