Management of Proximal Humerus Fractures in Adults-A Scoping Review

Abstract

Proximal humerus fractures are the third most common fracture type in adults, with their incidence increasing over time. There are varied approaches to both the classification and treatment of proximal humerus fractures. Optimal treatments for this fracture type are still widely open to debate. This review summarizes the current and historical treatment modalities for proximal humerus fractures. In this paper, we provide updates on the advances and trends in the epidemiology, classification, and operative and nonoperative treatments of proximal humerus fractures.

Keywords: fracture; management; proximal humerus; shoulder arthroplasty.

Figure 1

(a–h) Proximal Humeral Fracture Dislocation Treated with Open Reduction Internal Fixation.

Figure 1

(a–h) Proximal Humeral Fracture Dislocation Treated with Open Reduction Internal Fixation.

Figure 1

(a–h) Proximal Humeral Fracture Dislocation Treated with Open Reduction Internal Fixation.

Figure 1

(a–h) Proximal Humeral Fracture Dislocation Treated with Open Reduction Internal Fixation.

Figure 2

(a–c) Ballistic Proximal Humeral Shaft Fracture Treated with Intramedullary Nail Fixation.

Figure 3

(a–d) Neer Four-Part Proximal Humerus Fracture Treated with Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Figure 4

(a–c) Neer Four-Part Proximal Humerus Fracture Treated with Hemi Arthroplasty.