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. 2022 Sep 29;12(10):1524.
doi: 10.3390/life12101524.

Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Artificial Light on the Growth and Accumulation of Inulin of Dedifferentiated Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Callus Cells

Rima N Kirakosyan  1 , Anton V Sumin  1 , Anna A Polupanova  1 , Maria G Pankova  1 , Irina S Degtyareva  1 , Nikolay N Sleptsov  2 , Quyet V Khuat  1   3
Affiliations

Influence of Plant Growth Regulators and Artificial Light on the Growth and Accumulation of Inulin of Dedifferentiated Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) Callus Cells

Rima N Kirakosyan et al. Life (Basel). .

Abstract

Chicory (Chicorium intybus L.) is a perennial herb of the family Asteraceae, widely distributed in Asia and Europe, commonly used industrially as a raw material for extracting inulin because of a high content of inulin and biologically active compounds. Light conditions and plant growth regulators (PGRs) are two of many factors that affect the growth and inulin content of chicory callus. The aim of this work is to study the effect of PGRs and light conditions on proliferation and accumulation of inulin of chicory callus in vitro. In this study, we used semi-solid MS medium supplemented with different auxins (including Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), naphthylacetic acid (NAA), and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)) at a concentration of 5.5−9.5 mg/L in combination with 2.0 mg/L 6 benzylaminopurine (BA) to determine induction and proliferation of callus. The increasing value of callus fresh weight was used to assess the growth of the callus in treatments. The results showed that a steady increase in callus fresh weight and inulin content in callus cells was obtained when they were cultured on MS medium supplemented with a combination of 2.0 mg/L BA with 7.5 mg/L IAA in lighting conditions with radiation equalized by the flux density of photosynthetic photons and ratios of radiation levels in the region of FR—far red > R—red. Increasing demand for organic inulin sources in production practice can be met by our finding.

Keywords: artificial light; auxins; callus cells; chicory; inulin; plant growth regulators.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Formation callus on semisolid MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of various auxins (IAA, NAA, and 2,4-D) in combination with 2.0 mg/L BA: (a) 7.5 mg/L IAA; (b) 7.5 mg/L NAA; (c) 5.5 mg/L 2,4-D. Callus after 28 days of culture (the first subculture). Scale bars = 1 cm.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Callus obtained by cultivation on semisolid MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L BA in combination with: (a) FR > R mode, 7.5 mg/L NAA; (b) FR > R mode, 7.5 mg/L IAA; (c) FR = R mode, 7.5 mg/L NAA; (d) FR = R mode, 7.5 mg/L IAA; (e) FR < R mode, 7.5 mg/L NAA; (f) FR < R mode, 7.5 mg/L IAA. Callus after 28 days of culture (the first subculture). Scale bars = 1 cm.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Combined effect of light quality (FR > R, FR = R, FR < R) and plant growth regulators (2.0 mg /L BA in combination with 7.5 mg/L NAA) on inulin content of chicory callus at: (a) Fourth subculture; (b) Fifth subculture. Means (percentage of inulin content) followed by a different letter are significantly different at an alpha level of 0.05 according to the Fisher’s Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. For each treatment n = 150.
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