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Review
. 2022 Oct 11:9:963199.
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.963199. eCollection 2022.

Epidemiology, pathology, prevention, and control strategies of inclusion body hepatitis and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in poultry: A comprehensive review

Nahed A El-Shall  1 , Hatem S Abd El-Hamid  2 , Magdy F Elkady  3 , Hany F Ellakany  2 , Ahmed R Elbestawy  2 , Ahmed R Gado  2 , Amr M Geneedy  2 , Mohamed E Hasan  4 , Mariusz Jaremko  5 , Samy Selim  6 , Khaled A El-Tarabily  7   8   9 , Mohamed E Abd El-Hack  10
Affiliations
Review

Epidemiology, pathology, prevention, and control strategies of inclusion body hepatitis and hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome in poultry: A comprehensive review

Nahed A El-Shall et al. Front Vet Sci. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Infection with fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) can result in a number of syndromes in the production of chicken, including inclusion body hepatitis (IBH), hepatitis-hydropericardium syndrome (HHS), and others, causing enormous economic losses around the globe. FAdVs are divided into 12 serotypes and five species (A-E; 1-8a and 8b-11). Most avian species are prone to infection due to the widespread distribution of FAdV strains. The genus aviadenovirus, which is a member of the adenoviridae family, is responsible for both IBH and HHS. The most popular types of transmission are mechanical, vertical, and horizontal. Hepatitis with basophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies distinguishes IBH, but the buildup of translucent or straw-colored fluid in the pericardial sac distinguishes HHS. IBH and HHS require a confirmatory diagnosis because their clinical symptoms and postmortem abnormalities are not unique to those conditions. Under a microscope, the presence of particular lesions and inclusion bodies may provide clues. Traditional virus isolation in avian tissue culture is more delicate than in avian embryonated eggs. Additionally, aviadenovirus may now be quickly and precisely detected using molecular diagnostic tools. Preventive techniques should rely on efficient biosecurity controls and immunize breeders prior to production in order to protect progeny. This current review gives a general overview of the current local and global scenario of IBH, and HHS brought on by FAdVs and covers both their issues and preventative vaccination methods.

Keywords: aviadenovirus; diagnosis; disease transmission; epidemics; fowl adenoviruses; poultry diseases; vaccines.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
History of avian adenoviruses-associated diseases emergence all over the world.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The recorded distribution of fowl adenoviruses (FAdV) in Egypt.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The 3D icosahedral structure of aviadenovirus with its pseudo-icosahedral capsid, genome, associated structural protein, and the fiber (252 capsomers, 240 hexons, and 12 penton bases carrying fiber protein projections). Replication takes place in the host cell nucleus. Modified after https://viralzone.expasy.org/4.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Different genera of adenoviridae.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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