Review

. 2022 Dec;47(12):4081-4095.

doi: 10.1007/s00261-022-03713-z. Epub 2022 Oct 28.

Neuroendocrine neoplasm imaging: protocols by site of origin

Sooyoung Martin^{1

2}, Amir Iravani^{3

4}, Anup S Shetty¹, Maria Zulfiqar^{1

5}, Ajaykumar Morani⁶, Motoyo Yano⁵, Priya R Bhosale⁶, Malak Itani⁷

Affiliations

¹ Abdominal Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
² Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
³ Nuclear Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
⁴ Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 N.E. Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
⁵ Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
⁶ Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
⁷ Abdominal Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. mitani@wustl.edu.

PMID: 36307597
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03713-z

Review

Neuroendocrine neoplasm imaging: protocols by site of origin

Sooyoung Martin et al. Abdom Radiol (NY). 2022 Dec.

. 2022 Dec;47(12):4081-4095.

doi: 10.1007/s00261-022-03713-z. Epub 2022 Oct 28.

Authors

Sooyoung Martin^{1

2}, Amir Iravani^{3

4}, Anup S Shetty¹, Maria Zulfiqar^{1

5}, Ajaykumar Morani⁶, Motoyo Yano⁵, Priya R Bhosale⁶, Malak Itani⁷

Affiliations

¹ Abdominal Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
² Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 N Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
³ Nuclear Medicine, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
⁴ Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 N.E. Pacific St, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
⁵ Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
⁶ Abdominal Imaging, Department of Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
⁷ Abdominal Imaging, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, 510 S. Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA. mitani@wustl.edu.

PMID: 36307597
DOI: 10.1007/s00261-022-03713-z

Abstract

With the relatively low incidence of neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN), most radiologists are not familiar with their optimal imaging techniques. The imaging protocols for NENs should be tailored to the site of origin to accurately define local extension of NEN at time of staging. Patterns of spread and recurrence should be taken into consideration when choosing protocols for detection of recurrence and metastases. This paper will present the recommended CT and MRI imaging protocols for gastro-enteric and pancreatic NENs based on site of origin or predominant pattern of metastatic disease, and explain the rationale for MRI contrast type, contrast timing, as well as specific sequences in MRI. We will also briefly comment on PET/CT and PET/MRI imaging protocols.

Keywords: CT; MRI; Neuroendocrine neoplasms; Protocol; Technique.

PubMed Disclaimer

Cited by

Diagnostic Anatomic Imaging for Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: Maximizing Strengths and Mitigating Weaknesses.
Hesami M, Blake M, Anderson MA, Asmundo L, Kilcoyne A, Najmi Z, Caravan PD, Catana C, Czawlytko C, Abdar Esfahani S, Kambadakone AR, Samir A, McDermott S, Domachevsky L, Ursprung S, Catalano OA. Hesami M, et al. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2024 Jul-Aug 01;48(4):521-532. doi: 10.1097/RCT.0000000000001615. Epub 2024 Mar 23. J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2024. PMID: 38657156 Free PMC article. Review.
Diagnostic and Therapeutic Management of Primary Orbital Neuroendocrine Tumors (NETs): Systematic Literature Review and Clinical Case Presentation.
Arrivi G, Specchia M, Pilozzi E, Rinzivillo M, Caruso D, Santangeli C, Prosperi D, Ascolese AM, Panzuto F, Mazzuca F. Arrivi G, et al. Biomedicines. 2024 Feb 6;12(2):379. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12020379. Biomedicines. 2024. PMID: 38397981 Free PMC article. Review.
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors-Current Status and Advances in Diagnostic Imaging.
Vogele D, Schmidt SA, Gnutzmann D, Thaiss WM, Ettrich TJ, Kornmann M, Beer M, Juchems MS. Vogele D, et al. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023 Aug 23;13(17):2741. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13172741. Diagnostics (Basel). 2023. PMID: 37685279 Free PMC article. Review.

References

1. Tsikitis VL, Wertheim BC, Guerrero MA (2012) Trends of incidence and survival of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors in the United States: a seer analysis. J Cancer 3:292-302. doi: https://doi.org/10.7150/jca.4502 - DOI - PubMed - PMC
1. Ganeshan D, Bhosale P, Yang T, Kundra V (2013) Imaging features of carcinoid tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. AJR Am J Roentgenol 201 (4):773-786. doi: https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.12.9758 - DOI - PubMed
1. Nagtegaal ID, Odze RD, Klimstra D, Paradis V, Rugge M, Schirmacher P, Washington KM, Carneiro F, Cree IA, Board WHOCoTE (2020) The 2019 WHO classification of tumours of the digestive system. Histopathology 76 (2):182–188. https://doi.org/10.1111/his.13975
1. Khanna L, Prasad SR, Sunnapwar A, Kondapaneni S, Dasyam A, Tammisetti VS, Salman U, Nazarullah A, Katabathina VS (2020) Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms: 2020 Update on Pathologic and Imaging Findings and Classification. Radiographics 40 (5):1240-1262. doi: https://doi.org/10.1148/rg.2020200025 - DOI - PubMed
1. Boland GW, Duszak R, Jr., Kalra M (2014) Protocol design and optimization. J Am Coll Radiol 11 (5):440-441. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2014.01.021 - DOI - PubMed

Publication types

Actions

MeSH terms

Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions
Actions

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources
- Springer

Save citation to file

Email citation

Add to Collections

Add to My Bibliography

Your saved search

Create a file for external citation management software

Your RSS Feed

Neuroendocrine neoplasm imaging: protocols by site of origin

Affiliations

Neuroendocrine neoplasm imaging: protocols by site of origin

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Abstract

Similar articles

Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Related information

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources