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. 2022 Oct 14:13:996538.
doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.996538. eCollection 2022.

Growth responses and genetic variation among highly ecologically diverse spring wheat genotypes grown under seawater stress

Ahmed Amro  1 , Shrouk Harb  2 , Khaled Youssef  3 , Mahmoud M F Ali  2 , Aml G Mohammed  2 , Amira M I Mourad  4   5 , Mohamed Afifi  6 , Andreas Börner  4 , Ahmed Sallam  2   4
Affiliations

Growth responses and genetic variation among highly ecologically diverse spring wheat genotypes grown under seawater stress

Ahmed Amro et al. Front Plant Sci. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Most of the freshwaters worldwide are used for agriculture. Freshwater sources are expected to decline and will not suffice to support the food production needed for the growing population. Therefore, growing crops with seawater might constitute a solution. However, very little work has been done on the effect of seawater stress on wheat, an important cereal crop. The present study aimed to determine whether particular wheat genotypes provided better resistance to seawater stress. A set of 80 highly diverse spring wheat genotypes collected from different countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, North and South America was exposed to 50% seawater stress at the early growth stage. Four seeding shoot and root traits were scored for all genotypes. High genetic variations were found among all genotypes for the epicotyl length (EL), hypocotyl length (HL), number of radicles (NOR), and fresh weight (FW). Eight genotypes with high-performance scores of seedling traits were selected. The correlation analyses revealed highly significant correlations among all traits scored in this study. The strongest correlation was found between the NOR and the other seeding traits. Thus, the NOR might be an important adaptive trait for seawater tolerance. The genetic diversity among all genotypes was investigated based on genetic distance. A wide range of genetic distances among all genotypes was found. There was also a great genetic distance among the eight selected genotypes. In particular, the genetic distance between ATRI 5310 (France) and the other seven genotypes was the greatest. Such high genetic diversity might be utilized to select highly divergent genotypes for crossing in a future breeding program. The present study provides very useful information on the presence of different genetic resources in wheat for seawater tolerance.

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L.; breeding; genetic diversity; germination traits; salinity stress.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Seedling development under different seawater concentrations (10, 40, and 50%). For abbreviations see Table 1.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution and variation among all genotypes under 50% seawater. For abbreviations see Table 1.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Number of genotypes with high performance.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Wheat genotypes attributes means classified according to their global affinities for (A) EL and HL and (B) FW and NOR under salinity stress (50% seawater).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Phenotypic correlation among all traits scored under 50% seawater stress.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Dendrogram analysis based on genetic diversity among all genotypes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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