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. 2023 Feb;200(4):451-461.
doi: 10.1111/bjh.18542. Epub 2022 Nov 6.

Cause of death and excess mortality in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS): A report from the European MDS registry

Krzysztof Mądry  1 , Karol Lis  1 , Pierre Fenaux  2 , David Bowen  3 , Argiris Symeonidis  4 , Moshe Mittelman  5 , Reinhard Stauder  6 , Jaroslav Čermák  7 , Guillermo Sanz  8 , Eva Hellström-Lindberg  9 , Saskia Langemeijer  10 , Luca Malcovati  11 , Ulrich Germing  12 , Mette Skov Holm  13 , Agnes Guerci-Bresler  14 , Dominic Culligan  15 , Laurence Sanhes  16 , Ioannis Kotsianidis  17 , Corine van Marrewijk  10 , Simon Crouch  18 , Theo de Witte  19 , Alex Smith  18 ; EUMDS Registry Participants
Affiliations

Cause of death and excess mortality in patients with lower-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS): A report from the European MDS registry

Krzysztof Mądry et al. Br J Haematol. 2023 Feb.

Abstract

Information on causes of death (CoDs) and the impact of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) on survival in patients with lower-risk MDS (LR-MDS) is limited. A better understanding of the relationship between disease characteristics, clinical interventions and CoDs may improve outcomes of patients with LR-MDS. We prospectively collected data on patients with LR-MDS in the European MDS registry from 2008 to 2019. Clinical, laboratory and CoDs data were obtained. To examine MDS-specific survival, relative survival (RS) was estimated using national life tables. Of 2396 evaluated subjects, 900 died (median overall survival [OS]: 4.7 years; median follow-up: 3.5 years). The most common CoDs were acute myeloid leukaemia/MDS (20.1%), infection (17.8%) and cardiovascular disease (CVD; 9.8%). Patients with isolated del(5q) and with red cell transfusion needed during the disease course, had a higher risk of fatal CVD. The 5-year OS was 47.3% and the 5-year RS was 59.6%, indicating that most patients died due to their underlying MDS. Older patients (aged >80 years) and the lowest-risk patients were more likely to die from competing causes. This study shows that MDS and its related complications play crucial role in the outcome of patients with LR-MDS.

Keywords: causes of death; myelodysplastic syndromes; relative survival.

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References

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