Incidence Trends of Kaposi Sarcoma Among Young Non-Hispanic Black Men by US Regions, 2001-2018

Abstract

Despite the overall national decline in Kaposi sarcoma (KS) incidence in the United States among persons living with HIV, previous studies suggest there might be specific subgroups of the US population that are associated with higher KS incidence rates than others. Using the 2001-2018 National Program of Cancer Registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database, we assessed KS incidence trends among young men aged 20-34 years by race and ethnicity and geographic region. Statistical significance is 2-sided. The KS incidence rate increased nationally by 1.5% per year in non-Hispanic Black men, whereas the rate decreased statistically significantly by 3.5% per year in non-Hispanic White men. A statistically significant 3.3% per year increase among young non-Hispanic Black men in the South and no change among those living in non-South regions were observed. Targeted HIV prevention and treatment in young non-Hispanic Black men in the South and further research addressing the increased KS incidence and burden in this vulnerable population are needed.

Figure 1.

Incidence rate trends of Kaposi sarcoma in young men aged 20-34 years.A) National incidence rate trends. B) Regional incidence rate trends in non-Hispanic Black men. The trend analysis for other races (including American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian and Pacific Islander, and other races) could not be conducted because of the small sample size. Square brackets contain 95% confidence intervals. AAPC = average annual percentage change; NH = non-Hispanic.

Figure 2.

Age-period-cohort analysis of Kaposi sarcoma incidence in non-Hispanic Black men by region. A) Birth cohort effects in non-Hispanic Black men, South region. B) Birth cohort effects in non-Hispanic Black men, non-South region (West, Northeast, Midwest). ^aNot reported because there were fewer than 16 cases in the time interval.