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. 2022 Oct 24:13:1003047.
doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1003047. eCollection 2022.

Hematological changes in human lymphotropic-T virus type 1 carriers

Jairo Falcão Ribeiro  1 , Akim Felipe Santos Nobre  1 , Louise Canto Ferreira Covre  1 , Maria de Nazaré do Socorro de Almeida Viana  1 , Ingrid Christiane Silva  1 , Leonardo Miranda Dos Santos  1 , Edna Aoba Ishikawa  1 , Carlos Araújo da Costa  1 , Maísa Silva de Sousa  1
Affiliations

Hematological changes in human lymphotropic-T virus type 1 carriers

Jairo Falcão Ribeiro et al. Front Microbiol. .

Abstract

The human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), isolated in 1980, causes T-cell leukemia/lymphoma in adulthood, a type of lymphoproliferative disease, and chronic HTLV-1-associated myelopathy, a disease that causes paralysis of the lower limbs, which occur in about 5% of cases in this viral infection. This study aimed to establish the hematological profile of patients with HTLV-1 infection in Belém do Pará, describing the hematological parameters under study, estimating the frequency of lymphocytic atypical, and associating the hematological profile with diseases and symptoms. Hematologic data from 202 individuals were analyzed, including 87 HTLV-1 infected individuals and 115 non-HTLV-1 infected individuals as a control group, composed, at a great part, of relatives of the infected. The seroprevalence of HTLV-1 infection was observed in 71.3% of female individuals, with predominance in the group older than 50 years (44.8%). The analysis of hematological parameters showed a significant difference in the counts of the segmented cells (p = 0.0303) and eosinophils (p = 0.0092) in HTLV-1 carriers. Lymphocytic atypical was a finding present only in HTLV-1 carriers (p = 0.0001). There was no high frequency in the leukocyte counts of those infected by HTLV-1 not among them concerning a significant increase or decrease. It is concluded that HTLV-1 infection is prominent in women over 50 years old. The hematological profile of those infected shows a reduction of segmented cells, an increase of eosinophils, and the presence of atypical lymphocytes. The hematological profile of the HTLV-1 carrier should always be evaluated to identify early some diseases associated with the infection.

Keywords: ATL; Amazon; HTLV-1; epidemiology; hematological changes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Distribution of eosinophils in patients negative and positive for the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Segmented distribution in patients with negative and the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) positive.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
(A) Trilobulate atypical lymphocyte, image obtained through microscopic visualization, and the human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-positive patient. (B) Atypical lymphocyte with large diameter and abundant cytoplasm (upper left). (C) Bilobulateaty atypical lymphocyte.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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