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. 2022 Jun 10;20(4):182-188.
doi: 10.1080/2090598X.2022.2084902. eCollection 2022.

Testicular cancer among Saudi adults: Hands on a nationwide Cancer Registry over 10 years

Yasser A Noureldin  1   2   3 , Muhannad Q Alqirnas  2   4 , Meshal F Aljarallah  2   4 , Omar B Alfraidi  1 , Mohammad A Alghafees  2   4 , Yahia Ghazwani  1   2   4 , Abdullah Alkhayal  1   2   4
Affiliations

Testicular cancer among Saudi adults: Hands on a nationwide Cancer Registry over 10 years

Yasser A Noureldin et al. Arab J Urol. .

Abstract

Background/objective: Testicular cancer (TC) is one of the most curable solid malignancies affecting young adults. The objective of this study was to identify factors affecting survival of Saudi adults who were diagnosed with testicular cancer over 10 years.

Methods: This was a retrospective study with data extracted from the Saudi Cancer Registry for Saudi Adults diagnosed with TC from 2008 to 2017. We collected demographic information, including age, marital status, region of residency, year of diagnosis, and the survival status. In addition, the tumor factors included the basis of diagnosis, the origin of the tumor, histopathological group and subtype, and tumor behavior, stage, and laterality were collected.

Results: A total of 869 patients were included, with a median age of 30 (IQR: 25-38). The highest percentage of the cases was 37.5% (326) in the Central region, followed by the Western region 24.6% (214). The primary site of the tumor was the testis 96.9% (842), 3.1% (27) in the undescended testis. The histopathological examination revealed seminoma in 44.8% (389), 33.5% (291) mixed germ cell tumor, 8.4% (73) embryonal carcinoma, 6.1% (53) teratoma, 2.6% (23) yolk sac tumor, 1.6% (14) choriocarcinoma, 0.3% (3) Leydig cell tumor, and 2.6% (23) sarcomas. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed significant association between survival and the age groups (p = 0.001), histopathology group (p 0.04), histopathology subtypes (p = 0.01), and the stage of the tumor (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: A notable increase in the incidence of TC among Saudi adults was seen, with a mortality rate of 5.4% over a period of 10 years. Longer survival was associated with age groups, seminomatous germ cell tumor, and lower tumor stage.

Keywords: Saudi Arabia; Testicular cancer; adults; tumors.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
(a) Incidence of testicular cancer In Saudi Arabia over the years per 100,000. (b) Incidence of testicular cancer in Saudi Arabia over the years.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
(a) Survival analysis according to the age groups (b) Survival analysis according to the Histopathology Groups. (c) Survival analysis according to the histopathological subtypes (d) Survival analysis according to the tumor stage.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Association between histopathology groups (non-germ cell tumors, seminoma, nonseminoma tumors) and age (in years).
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Association between histopathology groups (seminoma, nonseminoma tumors, non-germ cell tumors) and age groups (in years).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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