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Review
. 2022 Nov 9;20(11):701.
doi: 10.3390/md20110701.

Structures and Biological Activities of Secondary Metabolites from Trichoderma harzianum

Rui Guo  1 , Gang Li  1 , Zhao Zhang  2 , Xiaoping Peng  1
Affiliations
Review

Structures and Biological Activities of Secondary Metabolites from Trichoderma harzianum

Rui Guo et al. Mar Drugs. .

Abstract

The biocontrol fungus Trichoderma harzianum, from both marine and terrestrial environments, has attracted considerable attention. T. harzianum has a tremendous potential to produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs), which are an important source of new herbicides and antibiotics. This review prioritizes the SMs of T. harzianum from 1988 to June 2022, and their relevant biological activities. Marine-derived SMs, especially terpenoids, polyketides, and macrolides compounds, occupy a significant proportion of natural products from T. harzianum, deserving more of our attention.

Keywords: Trichoderma harzianum; bioactivity; marine sources; natural products; secondary metabolites.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of terpenoids (1–47) from T. harzianum. * Means marine source compounds.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structures of polyketides (48–68 and 76) from T. harzianum. * Means marine source compounds.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chemical structures of polyketides (69–75 and 77–95) from T. harzianum. * Means marine source compounds.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chemical structures of peptides (149–151) from T. harzianum. * Means marine source compounds.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chemical structures of alkaloids (152–166) from T. harzianum.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Chemical structures of lactones (167–180) from T. harzianum. * Means marine source compounds.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The SMs of T. harzianum from marine and terrestrial sources, and its distribution.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Proportion of SMs obtained from T. harzianum.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Total numbers and marine source numbers of SMs with each chemical structure type.
Figure 10
Figure 10
The bioactivities of SMs from T. harzianum and the territorial distribution.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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