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Review
. 2022 Oct 24;12(11):1017.
doi: 10.3390/metabo12111017.

Association of HbA1c with VO2max in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Affiliations
Review

Association of HbA1c with VO2max in Individuals with Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Max L Eckstein et al. Metabolites. .

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between glycemic control (HbA1c) and functional capacity (VO2max) in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). A systematic literature search was conducted in EMBASE, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ISI Web of Knowledge for publications from January 1950 until July 2020. Randomized and observational controlled trials with a minimum number of three participants were included if cardio-pulmonary exercise tests to determine VO2max and HbA1c measurement has been performed. Pooled mean values were estimated for VO2max and HbA1c and weighted Pearson correlation and meta-regression were performed to assess the association between these parameters. We included 187 studies with a total of 3278 individuals with T1DM. The pooled mean HbA1c value was 8.1% (95%CI; 7.9−8.3%), and relative VO2max was 38.5 mL/min/kg (37.3−39.6). The pooled mean VO2max was significantly lower (36.9 vs. 40.7, p = 0.001) in studies reporting a mean HbA1c > 7.5% compared to studies with a mean HbA1c ≤ 7.5%. Weighted Pearson correlation coefficient was r = −0.19 (p < 0.001) between VO2max and HbA1c. Meta-regression adjusted for age and sex showed a significant decrease of −0.94 mL/min/kg in VO2max per HbA1c increase of 1% (p = 0.024). In conclusion, we were able to determine a statistically significant correlation between HbA1c and VO2max in individuals with T1DM. However, as the correlation was only weak, the association of HbA1c and VO2max might not be of clinical relevance in individuals with T1DM.

Keywords: HbA1c; VO2max; meta-analysis; systematic review; type 1 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest pertinent to the systematic review and meta-analysis.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Risk of bias summary. Risk of bias was assessed according to the methods recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration [8].
Figure 2
Figure 2
PRISMA statement [12].
Figure 3
Figure 3
Meta-regression dot plot for HbA1c and VO2max.

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