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. 2022 Nov 7;9(11):616.
doi: 10.3390/vetsci9110616.

Pregnancies following Protocols for Repetitive Synchronization of Ovulation in Primiparous Buffaloes in Different Seasons

Giorgio A Presicce  1 , Domenico Vistocco  2 , Massimo Capuano  3 , Luigi Navas  4 , Angela Salzano  4 , Giovanna Bifulco  4 , Giuseppe Campanile  4 , Gianluca Neglia  4
Affiliations

Pregnancies following Protocols for Repetitive Synchronization of Ovulation in Primiparous Buffaloes in Different Seasons

Giorgio A Presicce et al. Vet Sci. .

Abstract

Primiparous buffaloes were tested in two periods of the year characterized, by either low or high reproductive efficiency. They were subjected to two protocols for synchronization of ovulation: (i) Ovsynch (OV) and (ii) progesterone based (P4) treatment. After calving, the animals underwent a series of four cycles of re-synchronization protocols. The season did not affect pregnancy rates when the results of the two treatments were pooled together with regard to the first synchronization protocol, followed by AI. Pregnancy rates were similar during the low breeding season (50.3% vs. 57.4% in OV and P4, respectively), but different during the high breeding season (50.4% vs. 67.7% in OV and P4, respectively; p = 0.000). Logistic regression confirmed a significant effect of treatment and season interaction on pregnancy (p = 0.003). Following re-synchronization, a treatment by season interaction was detected during the low breeding season (odds ratio = 2.233), in favor of P4. Finally, a survival analysis showed a better response of animals subjected to P4 treatment from the second AI onward. In conclusion, the pooled data of pregnancy rates from both treatments between seasons are not different following AIs. Better results, though, were obtained from the implementation of P4 treatment, and are recorded in a season-fashioned mode when the comparison is made following first or cumulative AIs.

Keywords: Ovsynch; P4; artificial insemination; buffalo species; pregnancy rate; primiparous; reproductive efficiency; synchronization protocols.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Ovsynch (a) and progesterone based (b) protocols for re-synchronization of ovulation in primiparous buffaloes. (**** this schedule was repeated for a maximum of 4 times).
Figure 2
Figure 2
From top to bottom: overall pregnancy rate (circle), OV (triangle) and progesterone (square) pregnancy rates with regard to (i) treatment (top panel), (ii) season in which the insemination took place (middle panel), and (iii) dip, interval from parturition to first AI (bottom panel). Pregnancy rates refer only to the first AI after parturition.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Marginal effects of dip regressor (horizontal axis) over seasons (panels) and treatments (lines) on the predicted probabilities of becoming pregnant in primiparous buffaloes synchronized by Ovsynch (OV) or Progesterone based treatment (P4) that underwent AI during periods characterized by Increasing Daylight Hours (IDH) and Decreasing Daylight Hours (DDH).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Descriptive analysis and tendency of pregnancies over months (horizontal lines), comparing the two treatments (dashed lines for Ovsynch (OV) and dotted lines for Progesterone based treatment (P4)) and the rates at first Artificial Insemination (dotted red lines) and subsequent inseminations (dashed lines for OV and dotted lines for P4).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Survival curves showing the effect of treatments and interval from parturition on pregnancy rates, following consecutive re-synchronization protocols after the first artificial insemination (AI) in primiparous buffaloes. Solid line refers to Ovsynch (OV) and dashed curve to Progesterone based treatment (P4) (p = 0.00098). The vertical stripes depict the median number of days to become pregnant at the second, third and fourth AI.
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