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Meta-Analysis
. 2023 Apr;80(1):29-39.
doi: 10.1007/s12020-022-03246-x. Epub 2022 Nov 10.

Association between the history of abortion and gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis

Hao Wang #  1 , Xianwei Guo #  1 , Qiuxia Song  1 , Wanying Su  1 , Muzi Meng  2   3 , Chenyu Sun  4 , Ning Li  1 , Qiwei Liang  1   5 , Guangbo Qu  1 , Mingming Liang  1 , Xiuxiu Ding  1 , Yehuan Sun  6   7   8
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Association between the history of abortion and gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis

Hao Wang et al. Endocrine. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

Purpose: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disease in pregnant women. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a history of abortion increases the risk of GDM by meta-analysis.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in nine databases of studies on the association between abortion history and GDM up to April 12, 2022. Fixed- or random-effects models were used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI. The I square value (I2) was used to assess heterogeneity. Possible sources of heterogeneity were explored by conducting subgroup analysis and meta-regression. A sensitivity analysis was also performed for this meta-analysis. Publication bias was assessed by funnel plots and Egger's tests.

Results: Thirty-one studies enrolling 311,900 subjects were included in this meta-analysis. The risk of GDM was higher in women who experienced abortion than in those who did not (OR = 1.41 95% CI: 1.28-1.55, I2 = 66.8%). The risk of GDM increased with an increasing number of abortions (1 time: OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.26-2.22; 2 times: OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.26-3.49; ≥3 times: OR = 2.49, 95% CI = 1.24-5.01). Both spontaneous abortion (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.30-1.78) and induced abortion (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.03-1.11) were associated with an increased risk of GDM.

Conclusions: A history of abortion was associated with an increased risk of GDM in pregnant women, which may be a risk factor for predicting GDM.

Keywords: Abortion; Gestational diabetes mellitus; Meta-analysis; Women.

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