Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Nov 6;11(11):1565.
doi: 10.3390/antibiotics11111565.

Microbiological Assessment of Titanium Plates Coated with PLGA, Chitosan, and/or Meropenem: An In Vitro Study

Mohammad Al-Qubaisey  1 , Rita Khounganian  2 , Abdulhakim Al-Badah  3
Affiliations

Microbiological Assessment of Titanium Plates Coated with PLGA, Chitosan, and/or Meropenem: An In Vitro Study

Mohammad Al-Qubaisey et al. Antibiotics (Basel). .

Abstract

This investigation was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of coated titanium plates against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) using various methods. The Colony-forming unit "CFU" was higher in chitosan (CH) in relation to PA than in poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) in relation to SA, followed by meropenem-chitosan "MC" coated plates in relation to PA and SA. A significant difference in the zone of inhibition (ZOI) of SA was determined in MP, MC, and meropenem (MEM). PA was significantly inhibited by MP, MEM, then MC, and the largest ZOI among SA and PA groups were MP coating. Using an MTT assay, MP had the lowest bacterial viability in the SA group, followed by MC and MEM, with no statistically significant difference between the PLGA or CH alone nor the polymers augmented with MEM. Using confocal microscopy, MP-coated plates were seen to have the highest bacterial inhibition, followed by MC, MEM, PLGA, and CH. In the PA group, MP had the highest bacterial inhibition, followed by MEM, MC, CH, and PLGA. The uncoated group presented the lowest inhibition in relation to both SA and PA. Conclusively, coating titanium plates with PLGA or CH with MEM appeared to enhance the antibacterial efficacy as opposed to MEM without polymers through bacterial adhesion inhibition, hindering biofilm formation and preventing bacterial proliferation.

Keywords: PLGA; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; Staphylococcus aureus; chitosan; colony-forming unit; confocal microscopy; meropenem; titanium plates; zone of inhibition.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Serial dilution stock of bacteria (Sol 0) up to the sixth dilution (Sol 6).
Figure 2
Figure 2
CFU count for SA and PA against the tested materials.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Showing the inhibition zones among the different materials against SA.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Showing the inhibition zones among the different materials against PA.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Confocal microscope images of the different materials for SA.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Confocal microscope images of the different materials for PA.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Haerle F., Champy M., Terry B.C. Atlas of Craniomaxillofacial Osteosynthesis: Microplates, Miniplates, and Screws. 2nd ed. Thieme; Stuttgart, Germany: 2009.
    1. Weinstein A. Implant Retrieval: Material and Biological Analysis. Forgotten Books; London, UK: 1981.
    1. Schmidt B.L., Perrott D.H., Mahan D., Kearns G. The Removal of Plates and Screws after Le Fort I Osteotomy. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 1998;56:184–188. doi: 10.1016/S0278-2391(98)90865-5. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Turvey T.A., Proffit W.P., Phillips C. Biodegradable Fixation for Craniomaxillofacial Surgery: A 10-Year Experience Involving 761 Operations and 745 Patients. Int. J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 2011;40:244–249. doi: 10.1016/j.ijom.2010.11.024. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Hwang J.Y., Li Z., Loh X.J. Small Molecule Therapeutic-Loaded Liposomes as Therapeutic Carriers: From Development to Clinical Applications. RSC Adv. 2016;6:70592–70615. doi: 10.1039/C6RA09854A. - DOI

LinkOut - more resources