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Review
. 2022 Nov 5;14(21):5448.
doi: 10.3390/cancers14215448.

Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: The Role of CD133

Jianhui Yang  1 , Omar Aljitawi  1 , Peter Van Veldhuizen  1
Affiliations
Review

Prostate Cancer Stem Cells: The Role of CD133

Jianhui Yang et al. Cancers (Basel). .

Abstract

Prostate cancer stem cells (PCSCs), possessing self-renewal properties and resistance to anticancer treatment, are possibly the leading cause of distant metastasis and treatment failure in prostate cancer (PC). CD133 is one of the most well-known and valuable cell surface markers of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in many cancers, including PC. In this article, we focus on reviewing the role of CD133 in PCSC. Any other main stem cell biomarkers in PCSC reported from key publications, as well as about vital research progress of CD133 in CSCs of different cancers, will be selectively reviewed to help us inform the main topic.

Keywords: CD133; prostate cancer stem cells.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PC cell lines can be de-differentiated to PCSCs or stem-like PC cells by chemotherapy, radiotherapy, serum starvation, sphere culture, and genomic manipulation.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Summary of some known upstream and downstream molecular events related to CD133. The upstream events result in the upregulation of CD 133, and downstream events after CD133 induction are directly or indirectly related to increased stemness properties of PC cells, mainly via CD133/PI3K/AKT/Wnt/β-Catenin signaling axis.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The proposed main mechanism of the role of CD133 in treatment resistance. The phosphorylated tyrosine 828 of CD133 mediates direct interaction with p85 of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), followed by phosphorylated AK and translocation of NF-κB/p65. The latter enhances the transcription of Bcl-2, some members of the Inhibitors of Apoptosis Proteins (IAPs) family and multidrug resistance 1 (MDR-1).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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