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. 2022 Oct 25;12(21):2917.
doi: 10.3390/ani12212917.

Two-Port Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy in Dogs

Francesco Collivignarelli  1 , Amanda Bianchi  1 , Andrea Paolini  1 , Massimo Vignoli  1 , Paolo Emidio Crisi  1 , Ilaria Falerno  1 , Andrea De Bonis  1 , Martina Rosto  1 , Roberto Tamburro  1
Affiliations

Two-Port Laparoscopic Adrenalectomy in Dogs

Francesco Collivignarelli et al. Animals (Basel). .

Abstract

The gold-standard treatment for functional tumors is adrenalectomy, and the procedure can be either open or laparoscopic. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is a minimally invasive technique designated for small-medium-sized adrenal tumors without vascular invasion. LA is routinely performed using three or four ports with the patient in sternal or lateral recumbency. The aim of the study was to evaluate the feasibility of LA with two ports in order to reduce invasiveness and improve patient recovery. In total, 16 dogs with adrenal tumors were included in the study and the two-port technique was performed. Adrenalectomy was performed based on the presence of hypercortisolism in thirteen cases, whereas, in three cases, adrenalectomy was performed in the absence of evidence of cortisol production. Thirteen cases were carcinomas and three were adenomas of the adrenal gland; furthermore, twelve were on the left side and four were on the right side. Capsule rupture occurred in five cases. After performing the technique in all cases, no additional ports or laparotomy conversion occurred. Based on the authors' experience, laparoscopic adrenalectomy can be performed with two ports.

Keywords: adrenal tumor; complications; dog; laparoscopic adrenalectomy; laparoscopy; surgery; two ports.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Positions of T1 and T2 are represented in the figure. T1 is behind the last rib and T2 is in the paralumbar fossae.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Instruments and dog positions are represented in the figure. The surgeon position is on the adrenal tumor side.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The circumferential dissection of the adrenal gland was achieved using a 5 mm sealing device.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The phrenicoabdominal (PA) vein and artery were identified and sealed using a sealing device.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Complete dissection of the adrenal gland.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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