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Review
. 2022 Nov 5;12(11):2711.
doi: 10.3390/diagnostics12112711.

Challenges in Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Endometritis

Tadahiro Yasuo  1 , Kotaro Kitaya  2
Affiliations
Review

Challenges in Clinical Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Endometritis

Tadahiro Yasuo et al. Diagnostics (Basel). .

Abstract

Chronic endometritis (CE) is a local mucosal infectious and inflammatory disorder characterized by unusual filtration of CD138(+) endometrial stromal plasmacytes. CE is attracting attention due to its potential association with infertility of unknown etiology, repeated implantation failure, recurrent pregnancy loss, and several maternal/neonatal complications. Due to the variance in study design among researchers, universal diagnostic criteria remain to be established for the clinical diagnosis and management of CE. This review article aims to summarize current knowledge and provide insights into unsolved questions on CE to establish clinical guidelines for the disease from the viewpoint of human reproduction.

Keywords: CD138; chronic endometritis; histopathology; hysteroscopy; microbiome analysis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Effectiveness of IHC-CD138 for identification of ESPCs. Light microscopic image of human endometrium with IHC-CD138 and hematoxylin nuclear staining. The tissue contains several cells with spoke-wheel/clock-face patterns (arrows) but is negative for CD138, which is difficult to distinguish via conventional tissue staining alone. Reprinted from Kitaya et al., Current understanding of chronic endometritis. Diagnostic. Histopathol. 2013, 19, 231–237 (Copyright Clearance Center Number 5407080987200, RightsLink/Elsevier).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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