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. 2022 Nov 5;15(21):7811.
doi: 10.3390/ma15217811.

Improved Osseointegration of Selective Laser Melting Titanium Implants with Unique Dual Micro/Nano-Scale Surface Topography

Xuetong Sun  1 , Huaishu Lin  2 , Chunyu Zhang  3 , Ruiran Huang  1 , Ying Liu  1 , Gong Zhang  1 , Si Di  1
Affiliations

Improved Osseointegration of Selective Laser Melting Titanium Implants with Unique Dual Micro/Nano-Scale Surface Topography

Xuetong Sun et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

Selective laser melting manufacture of patient specific Ti implants is serving as a promising approach for bone tissue engineering. The success of implantation is governed by effective osseointegration, which depends on the surface properties of implants. To improve the bioactivity and osteogenesis, the universal surface treatment for SLM-Ti implants is to remove the primitive roughness and then reengineer new roughness by various methods. In this study, the micro-sized partially melted Ti particles on the SLM-Ti surface were preserved for assembling mesoporous bioactive glass nanospheres to obtain a unique micro/nano- topography through combination of SLM manufacture and sol-gel processes. The results of simulated body fluid immersion test showed that bioactive ions (Ca, Si) can be continuously and stably released from the MBG nanospheres. The osseointegration properties of SLM-Ti samples, examined using pre-osteoblast cells, showed enhanced adhesion and osteogenic differentiation compared with commercial pure titanium commonly used as orthopedic implants. Overall, the developed approach of construction of the dual micro/nano topography generated on the SLM-Ti native surface could be critical to enhance musculoskeletal implant performance.

Keywords: bone implants; mesoporous bioactive glass; micro/nano- topography; selective laser melting; titanium.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Representation of (a) optical surface profiles and (b) SEM morphology of SLM-Ti substrate.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Morphology (a) and particle size distribution (b) of MBG nanospheres fabricated by sol–gel.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Morphologies of MBG-coated SLM-Ti (a–c) and CP-Ti (d–f) by dip coating, and EDS analysis of MBG-SLM-Ti (g) and MBG-CP-Ti (h).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Water contact angles of (a) SLM-Ti, (b) MBG-SLM-Ti, (c) CP-Ti and (d) MBG-CP-Ti, showing the difference in wettability.
Figure 5
Figure 5
SEM surface morphology of MBG-SLM-Ti (a–f) and MBG-CP-Ti (g–i) after immersion in SBF for 1 (a,d,g), 3 (b,e,h) and 7 (c,e,i) days.
Figure 6
Figure 6
EDS analysis of MBG-SLM-Ti (a–c) and MBG-CP-Ti (d–f) after immersion in SBF for 1 (a,d), 3 (b,e) and 7 (c,f) days.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Release profiles of Ca and Si ions from the MBG-SLM-Ti and MBG-CP-Ti after soaking in the cell culture solution for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days.
Figure 8
Figure 8
SEM images of MC3T3-E1s cell cultured on the (a,b) MBG-SLM-Ti and (c,d) MBG-CP-Ti after 3 day.
Figure 9
Figure 9
CLSM (red (cytoskeleton) and blue (nuclei)) of MC3T3s cell on (a) MBG-CP-Ti and (b) MBG-SLM-Ti after 3 days.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Cell viability evaluated through (a) the cell proliferation rates after 1, 3 and 7 days, (b) total protein contents and (c) ALP activity after 7 and 14 days. (* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.05).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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