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Review
. 2022 Nov 3;14(11):2445.
doi: 10.3390/v14112445.

CXCL10 Chemokine: A Critical Player in RNA and DNA Viral Infections

Noha Mousaad Elemam  1   2 , Iman Mamdouh Talaat  1   2   3 , Azzam A Maghazachi  1   2
Affiliations
Review

CXCL10 Chemokine: A Critical Player in RNA and DNA Viral Infections

Noha Mousaad Elemam et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

Chemokines constitute a group of small, secreted proteins that regulate leukocyte migration and contribute to their activation. Chemokines are crucial inflammatory mediators that play a key role in managing viral infections, during which the profile of chemokine expression helps shape the immune response and regulate viral clearance, improving clinical outcome. In particular, the chemokine ligand CXCL10 and its receptor CXCR3 were explored in a plethora of RNA and DNA viral infections. In this review, we highlight the expression profile and role of the CXCL10/CXCR3 axis in the host defense against a variety of RNA and DNA viral infections. We also discuss the interactions among viruses and host cells that trigger CXCL10 expression, as well as the signaling cascades induced in CXCR3 positive cells.

Keywords: CXCL10; Chemokines; DNA viruses; RNA viruses.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Role of CXCL10 during RNA viral infections. ARDS: acute respiratory distress syndrome, CNS: central nervous system, HAV: hepatitis A virus, HCV: hepatitis C virus, HIV: human immunodeficiency virus, LCMV: lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, MERS-CoV: middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus, MeV: measles virus, MHV: murine hepatitis virus, RSV: respiratory syncytial virus, SARS-CoV: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Role of CXCL10 during DNA viral infections. HBV: hepatitis B virus, HSV: herpes simplex virus, VZV: varicella-zoster virus.
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