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. 2022 Nov 7;14(11):2465.
doi: 10.3390/v14112465.

Genetic Diversity and Possible Origins of the Hepatitis B Virus in Siberian Natives

Victor Manuylov  1 , Vladimir Chulanov  2   3 , Ludmila Bezuglova  4 , Elena Chub  5 , Anastasia Karlsen  6   7   8 , Karen Kyuregyan  6   7   8 , Yulia Ostankova  9 , Alexander Semenov  10 , Ludmila Osipova  11 , Tatjana Tallo  12 , Irina Netesova  4 , Artem Tkachuk  1 , Vladimir Gushchin  1 , Sergey Netesov  13 , Lars O Magnius  14 , Heléne Norder  15   16
Affiliations

Genetic Diversity and Possible Origins of the Hepatitis B Virus in Siberian Natives

Victor Manuylov et al. Viruses. .

Abstract

A total of 381 hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA sequences collected from nine groups of Siberian native populations were phylogenetically analyzed along with 179 HBV strains sampled in different urban populations of former western USSR republics and 50 strains from Central Asian republics and Mongolia. Different HBV subgenotypes predominated in various native Siberian populations. Subgenotype D1 was dominant in Altaian Kazakhs (100%), Tuvans (100%), and Teleuts (100%) of southern Siberia as well as in Dolgans and Nganasans (69%), who inhabit the polar Taimyr Peninsula. D2 was the most prevalent subgenotype in the combined group of Nenets, Komi, and Khants of the northern Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Region (71%) and in Yakuts (36%) from northeastern Siberia. D3 was the main subgenotype in South Altaians (76%) and Buryats (40%) of southeastern Siberia, and in Chukchi (51%) of the Russian Far East. Subgenotype C2 was found in Taimyr (19%) and Chukchi (27%), while subgenotype A2 was common in Yakuts (33%). In contrast, D2 was dominant (56%) in urban populations of the former western USSR, and D1 (62%) in Central Asian republics and Mongolia. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the studied groups are epidemiologically isolated from each other and might have contracted HBV from different sources during the settlement of Siberia.

Keywords: HBsAg subtypes; Siberia; Siberian natives; aboriginal population; genotypes; hepatitis B virus; molecular epidemiology; subgenotypes.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A schematic map showing the locations of the studied native Siberian populations. The prevalent HBV subgenotypes in these populations are shown along with reported HBsAg incidence (detailed data are in Table 2). The colored arrows designate the main migration pathways during the settlement of Siberia in the past ten millennia (see Section 4).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic topology of the constructed phylogenetic tree (genotypes D, A–C, E–H). Clusters and strains are marked in: red: Siberian natives; green: urban populations of Russia, Belarus, and the Baltic States (“Russian population”); violet: Central Asian republics and Mongolia; blue: ancient samples from [31]. Strain numbers in the clusters are shown in brackets. Supporting indices, which were calculated using an aLRT-SH-like procedure (see Section 2), are shown near the corresponding clusters and branches. For a detailed tree of all 1053 samples, see Figure S1 in Supplementary Materials.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schematic topology of the constructed phylogenetic tree (genotypes D, A–C, E–H). Clusters and strains are marked in: red: Siberian natives; green: urban populations of Russia, Belarus, and the Baltic States (“Russian population”); violet: Central Asian republics and Mongolia; blue: ancient samples from [31]. Strain numbers in the clusters are shown in brackets. Supporting indices, which were calculated using an aLRT-SH-like procedure (see Section 2), are shown near the corresponding clusters and branches. For a detailed tree of all 1053 samples, see Figure S1 in Supplementary Materials.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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