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Review
. 2023 Sep;17(3):423-443.
doi: 10.1007/s12079-022-00702-1. Epub 2022 Nov 11.

Targeting PI3K/Akt signaling in prostate cancer therapy

Mehrdad Hashemi  1   2 , Afshin Taheriazam  1   3 , Pouria Daneii  1 , Aria Hassanpour  1 , Amirabbas Kakavand  1 , Shamin Rezaei  1 , Elahe Sadat Hejazi  1 , Maryam Aboutalebi  1 , Hamidreza Gholamrezaie  1 , Hamidreza Saebfar  4 , Shokooh Salimimoghadam  5 , Sepideh Mirzaei  6 , Maliheh Entezari  7   8 , Saeed Samarghandian  9
Affiliations
Review

Targeting PI3K/Akt signaling in prostate cancer therapy

Mehrdad Hashemi et al. J Cell Commun Signal. 2023 Sep.

Abstract
in English, Panjabi

Urological cancers have obtained much attention in recent years due to their mortality and morbidity. The most common and malignant tumor of urological cancers is prostate cancer that imposes high socioeconomic costs on public life and androgen-deprivation therapy, surgery, and combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy are employed in its treatment. PI3K/Akt signaling is an oncogenic pathway responsible for migration, proliferation and drug resistance in various cancers. In the present review, the role of PI3K/Akt signaling in prostate cancer progression is highlighted. The activation of PI3K/Akt signaling occurs in prostate cancer, while PTEN as inhibitor of PI3K/Akt shows down-regulation. Stimulation of PI3K/Akt signaling promotes survival of prostate tumor cells and prevents apoptosis. The cell cycle progression and proliferation rate of prostate tumor cells increase by PI3K/Akt signaling induction. PI3K/Akt signaling stimulates EMT and enhances metastasis of prostate tumor cells. Silencing PI3K/Akt signaling impairs growth and metastasis of prostate tumor cells. Activation of PI3K/Akt signaling mediates drug resistance and reduces radio-sensitivity of prostate tumor cells. Anti-tumor compounds suppress PI3K/Akt signaling in impairing prostate tumor progression. Furthermore, upstream regulators such as miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs regulate PI3K/Akt signaling and it has clinical implications for prostate cancer patients.

Keywords: Anti-cancer agents; Cancer therapy; Chemoresistance; PI3K/Akt; Prostate cancer.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
A schematic representation of PI3K/Akt signaling. This pathway exerts an oncogenic role in cancer and is capable of increasing invasion and growth rate of tumor cells. Furthermore, activation of PI3K/Akt signaling stimulates drug resistance in tumor cells (Yang et al. , ; Dong et al. ; Zhang et al. , , ; Wu et al. 2020a, b)
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling in proliferation and invasion of prostate tumor cells
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
PI3K/Akt signaling and angiogenesis in prostate cancer
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The involvement of PI3K/Akt signaling in therapy resistance in prostate cancer
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
The anti-tumor agents targeting PI3K/Akt signaling in prostate cancer therapy
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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