Review on CO2 Capture Using Amine-Functionalized Materials

Abstract

CO₂ capture from industry sectors or directly from the atmosphere is drawing much attention on a global scale because of the drastic changes in the climate and ecosystem which pose a potential threat to human health and life on Earth. In the past decades, CO₂ capture technology relied on classical liquid amine scrubbing. Due to its high energy consumption and corrosive property, CO₂ capture using solid materials has recently come under the spotlight. A variety of porous solid materials were reported such as zeolites and metal-organic frameworks. However, amine-functionalized porous materials outperform all others in terms of CO₂ adsorption capacity and regeneration efficiency. This review provides a brief overview of CO₂ capture by various amines and mechanistic aspects for newcomers entering into this field. This review also covers a state-of-the-art regeneration method, visible/UV light-triggered CO₂ desorption at room temperature. In the last section, the current issues and future perspectives are summarized.

Figure 1

Proposed interaction of BPEI and ionic liquid. Copyright 2016 American Chemical Society. Reprinted with permission from ref (23).

Figure 2

Examples of reaction schemes of CO₂ adsorption under dry and humid conditions.

Figure 3

Water-assisted formation of bicarbonate via a zwitterion. Copyright 2016 American Chemical Society. Reprinted with permission from ref (37).

Figure 4

Water-assisted formation of bicarbonate via a zwitterion. Copyright 2016 American Chemical Society. Reprinted with permission from ref (72).