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Review
. 2022 Oct 31:14:1026688.
doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1026688. eCollection 2022.

Multi-omics studies reveal ameliorating effects of physical exercise on neurodegenerative diseases

Yuhuai Guo  1   2 , Shouli Wang  2 , Xiaowen Chao  2 , Ding Li  3 , Ying Wang  3 , Qihao Guo  3 , Tianlu Chen  2
Affiliations
Review

Multi-omics studies reveal ameliorating effects of physical exercise on neurodegenerative diseases

Yuhuai Guo et al. Front Aging Neurosci. .

Abstract

Introduction: Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease, are heavy burdens to global health and economic development worldwide. Mounting evidence suggests that exercise, a type of non-invasive intervention, has a positive impact on the life quality of elderly with neurodegenerative diseases. X-omics are powerful tools for mapping global biochemical changes in disease and treatment.

Method: Three major databases were searched related to current studies in exercise intervention on neurodegenerative diseases using omics tools, including metabolomics, metagenomics, genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics.

Result: We summarized the omics features and potential mechanisms associated with exercise and neurodegenerative diseases in the current studies. Three main mechanisms by which exercise affects neurodegenerative diseases were summed up, including adult neurogenesis, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) metabolism.

Conclusion: Overall, there is compelling evidence that exercise intervention is a feasible way of preventing the onset and alleviating the severity of neurodegenerative diseases. These studies highlight the importance of exercise as a complementary approach to the treatment and intervention of neurodegenerative diseases in addition to traditional treatments. More mechanisms on exercise interventions for neurodegenerative diseases, the specification of exercise prescriptions, and differentiated exercise programs should be explored so that they can actually be applied to the clinic.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Huntington’s disease; Parkinson’s disease; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; omics; physical activity.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The schematic diagram of the effects of exercise on neurodegenerative diseases based on multi-omics analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Effects of exercise on adults’ neurogenesis in neurodegenerative diseases.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Effects of exercise on the neurogenesis mediated by BDNF in neurodegenerative diseases.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Exercise reduces the inflammation levels of the brain in neurodegenerative diseases by regulating the composition of SCFAs-producing gut bacteria.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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