Donatio organorum- reluctance to organ donation medical students; a cross-sectional descriptive study

Abstract

Introduction: Organ donation is the act of removing an organ or tissue from a donor and transplanting the said organ/tissue to a recipient. Despite being the only definitive treatment for end-organ failure, there is a lot of hesitation surrounding the practice of organ donation. Even among medical students, who are more aware of the benefits of organ donation than the general public, this reluctance is widespread.Therefore, we conducted this research to determine the basis of this skepticism, so that the root causes can be identified and eradicated. Our research sought to ascertain the overall attitudes of Rawalpindi Medical University, Pakistan's students towards organ donation, the associated factors that influenced this attitude (religious devotion, gender, age, year of study) and the reasons for the hesitance.

Methods: A cross-sectional study targeting the students of first to final year MBBS was conducted at Rawalpindi Medical University, Pakistan in the year 2022. The sample size was calculated using OpenEpi software, and came out to be 292. The students enrolled at Rawalpindi Medical University during the year 2021-2022 were made a part of the study. A self-structured questionnaire that was developed after substantial research was used to collect the data using a non-random convenience sample technique. Chi Square test was used to determine significance after data analysis using SPSS-22.

Results: A total of 290 students participated in the study, 58 from each year. All of the participants were Muslim. A very strong correlation was found between high devoutness and willingness towards organ donation (p = 7.4252E-13). Only 9/290 (3%) of people in Pakistan have joined The Transplantation Society of Pakistan; the main cause of this low ratio is that very few people were aware that such a group even existed (according to 62% of the responders). The mistrust of doctors and the belief that appropriate efforts would not be done to resuscitate patients who have signed up for organ donation is a significant factor in the anxiety surrounding organ donation.

Conclusions: There are several reasons why people are reluctant to donate their organs, including a lack of understanding of religious perspectives on the subject, mistrust of medical professionals and medical administration, and general public ignorance. We can make a significant progress toward closing the gap between the demand for and supply of organ donations if these problems are remedied. The most effective strategy to stop organ trafficking is through organ donation. Through seminars, conversations, and workshops, we need to raise awareness about organ donation.

Keywords: Awareness (D001364); Knowledge (D019359); Medical students (D013337); Organ donation; Organ transplantation; Tissue and organ procurement (D009927); Willingness.

Fig. 1

Willingness to donate organs after death.

Fig. 2

Have joined the transplantation society of Pakistan.

Fig. 3

WHY have YOU not joined the transplantation society of Pakistan.