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Review
. 2022 Nov;15(4):299-309.
doi: 10.21053/ceo.2022.01382. Epub 2022 Nov 10.

Precision Medicine Approach to Cochlear Implantation

Yehree Kim  1 , Byung Yoon Choi  1
Affiliations
Review

Precision Medicine Approach to Cochlear Implantation

Yehree Kim et al. Clin Exp Otorhinolaryngol. 2022 Nov.

Abstract

In the early days of cochlear implantation (CI) surgery, when the types of electrodes were limited and the etiology of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) was not well understood, the one-size-fits-all approach to CI held true, as in all other fields. However, in the era of personalized medicine, there have been attempts to associate CI performance with the etiology of SNHL and to establish customized surgical techniques that can maximize performance according to individual cochlear dimensions. Personalized genomic-driven assessments of CI candidates and a better understanding of genotype-phenotype correlations could provide clinically applicable diagnostic and prognostic information about questions such as who, how, and when to implant. Rigorous and strategic imaging assessments also provide better insights into the anatomic etiology of SNHL and cochlear dimensions, leading to individualized surgical techniques to augment CI outcomes. Furthermore, the precision medicine approach to CI is not necessarily limited to preoperative planning, but can be extended to either intraoperative electrode positioning or even the timing of the initial switch-on. In this review, we discuss the implications of personalized diagnoses (both genetic and nongenetic) on the planning and performance of CI in patients with prelingual and postlingual SNHL.

Keywords: Cochlear Implantation; Cochlear Parameters; Etiology of Hearing Loss; Genotype-Phenotype Correlation; Hearing Loss; Precision Medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Byung Yoon Choi is an Associate Editor of the journal but was not involved in the peer reviewer selection, evaluation, or decision process of this article. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported.

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