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. 2022 Oct 15;14(10):7002-7011.
eCollection 2022.

Changes in CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in glioma and their predictive value for treatment efficacy

Chunman Zhang  1 , Jianqiang Wei  1 , Ying Wang  2 , Ning Wang  2 , Cong Xi  2 , Maikou Lv  2
Affiliations

Changes in CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in glioma and their predictive value for treatment efficacy

Chunman Zhang et al. Am J Transl Res. .

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the changes of carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA15-3), S-100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the treatment of patients with high-grade glioma and their predictive value for efficacy.

Methods: In this retrospective the PG and CG study, 74 patients with glioma who were treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University from January 2015 to January 2017 were labeled as the patient group (PG); the other 70 patients who underwent craniocerebral trauma surgery during the same period were selected as the control group (CG). The expressions of CA15-3, S100B and IGF-1 in the PG and CG were compared. The relationship between CA15-3, S100B, IGF-1, and the pathologic data of patients was analyzed. The expression differences of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 were compared between low-grade glioma patients and high-grade glioma patients and their diagnostic value was analyzed. The values of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 expression for predicting treatment efficacy were analyzed.

Results: Expressions of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in glioma patients were markedly higher than those in the CG (P<0.0001). The proportion of grade III+IV patients with high expression of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 was higher than in grade II patients (P<0.05), and the expressions of CA15-3, S100B and IGF-1 in low-grade glioma patients were lower than in high-grade glioma (P<0.01). The AUCs of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in differentiating different grades of glioma were 0.822, 0.722, and 0.768, respectively. Serum CA15-3, S100B and IGF-1 levels of the patients after treatment were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.0001). With the deterioration of clinical efficacy, serum levels of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 gradually increased (P<0.05), and CA15-3, S100B and IGF-1 were positively correlated with therapeutic efficacy (P<0.05). AUCs of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 for predicting the clinical efficacy in glioma patients were 0.824, 0.741, and 0.800, respectively.

Conclusion: CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 are highly expressed in patients with glioma. They are diagnostic indicators to distinguish patients with high-grade glioma, and have predictive value for treatment efficacy.

Keywords: CA15-3; IGF-1; S100B; efficacy prediction; high-grade glioma.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Expression of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in glioma patients. A. Comparison of serum CA15-3 expression between glioma patients and Controls. B. Comparison of serum S100B expression between glioma patients and Controls. C. Comparison of serum IGF-1 expression between glioma patients and Controls. Note: ****P<0.0001, carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA15-3), S-100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Expression of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in patients with different grades of glioma. A. Expression of CA15-3 in high-grade and low-grade glioma patients. B. Expression of S100B in high-grade and low-grade glioma patients. C. Expression of IGF-1 in high-grade and low-grade glioma patients. Note: ** means P<0.01, *** means P<0.001; carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA15-3), S-100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Diagnostic curves of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in patients with different grades of glioma. (A) ROC curve of CA15-3 for differentiating high-grade and low-grade gliomas. ROC curve of (B) S100B for differentiating high-grade and low-grade gliomas. ROC curve of (C) IGF-1 for differentiating high-grade and low-grade gliomas. Note: carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA15-3), S-100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), receiver operating curve (ROC).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Changes in CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in patients before and after treatment. A. Comparison of CA15-3 expression in patients before and after treatment. B. Comparison of S-100B expression in patients before and after treatment. C. Comparison of IGF-1 expression in patients before and after treatment. Note: ****P<0.0001, carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA15-3), S-100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Expression of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 in patients with different treatment efficacy. A. CA15-3 in serum of patients with different clinical efficacy after treatment. B. S100B in serum of patients with different clinical efficacy after treatment. C. IGF-1 in serum of patients with different clinical efficacy after treatment. Note: *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001, carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA15-3), S-100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), insulin-like growth Factor-Factor 1 (IGF-1).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Correlation of CA15-3, S100B, IGF-1 and treatment efficacy. A. Analysis of the correlation between CA15-3 and treatment efficacy in patients. B. Analysis of the correlation between S100B and treatment efficacy in patients. C. Analysis of the correlation between IGF-1 and treatment efficacy in patients. Note: Carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA15-3), S-100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).
Figure 7
Figure 7
Diagnostic curves of CA15-3, S100B, and IGF-1 for predicting the clinical efficacy in patients after treatment. A. ROC curve of CA15-3 in distinguishing the effective group from the ineffective group. B. ROC curve of S100B in distinguishing the effective group from the ineffective group. C. ROC curve of IGF-1 in distinguishing the effective group from the ineffective group. Note: carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA15-3), S-100 calcium binding protein B (S100B), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), receiver operating curve (ROC).
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