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. 2022 Oct 28;37(1):47-58.
doi: 10.7555/JBR.36.20220156.

Glioblastoma multiforme: Diagnosis, treatment, and invasion

Jiawei Li  1   2 , Lili Feng  3 , Yingmei Lu  1
Affiliations

Glioblastoma multiforme: Diagnosis, treatment, and invasion

Jiawei Li et al. J Biomed Res. .

Abstract

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an essentially incurable brain tumor, which has been explored for approximately a century. Nowadays, surgical resection, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy are still the standardized therapeutic options. However, due to the intrinsic invasion and metastasis features and the resistance to chemotherapy, the survival rate of glioblastoma patients remains unsatisfactory. To improve the current situation, much more research is needed to provide comprehensive knowledge of GBM. In this review, we summarize the latest updates on GBM treatment and invasion. Firstly, we review the traditional and emerging therapies that have been used for GBM treatment. Given the limited efficiency of these therapies, we further discuss the role of invasion in GBM recurrence and progression, and present current research progress on the mode and mechanisms of GBM invasion.

Keywords: diagnosis; glioblastoma multiforme; invasion mechanism; patterns of invasion; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors reported no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Glioblastoma multiforme diagnosis and treatment.
Figure 2
Figure 2
p53 pathway in glioblastoma multiforme invasion.
Figure 3
Figure 3
EGFR pathway in glioblastoma multiforme invasion.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Pathways related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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