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. 2023 Mar:135:109186.
doi: 10.1016/j.patcog.2022.109186. Epub 2022 Nov 15.

COVID-19 and Rumors: A Dynamic Nested Optimal Control Model

Affiliations

COVID-19 and Rumors: A Dynamic Nested Optimal Control Model

Ibrahim M Hezam et al. Pattern Recognit. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

Unfortunately, the COVID-19 outbreak has been accompanied by the spread of rumors and depressing news. Herein, we develop a dynamic nested optimal control model of COVID-19 and its rumor outbreaks. The model aims to curb the epidemics by reducing the number of individuals infected with COVID-19 and reducing the number of rumor-spreaders while minimizing the cost associated with the control interventions. We use the modified approximation Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions with the Hamiltonian function to simplify the model before solving it using a genetic algorithm. The present model highlights three prevention measures that affect COVID-19 and its rumor outbreaks. One represents the interventions to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. The other two represent interventions to increase awareness, disseminate the correct information, and impose penalties on the spreaders of false rumors. The results emphasize the importance of interventions in curbing the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated rumor problems alike.

Keywords: COVID-19; KKT; genetic algorithm; nested optimal control; rumors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Figures

Fig. 1:
Fig. 1
Schematic diagram of the interaction of the rumors and COVID-19 models.
Fig. 2:
Fig. 2
Crossover example
Fig. 3:
Fig. 3
Population states trajectories
Fig. 4:
Fig. 4
Comparison of the simulation results of the control variables for all current cases

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