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. 2022 Nov 12;8(11):e11525.
doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11525. eCollection 2022 Nov.

Kinematic draping simulation optimization of a composite B-pillar geometry using particle swarm optimization

Ricardo Fitas  1 , Stefan Hesseler  1 , Santino Wist  1 , Christoph Greb  1
Affiliations

Kinematic draping simulation optimization of a composite B-pillar geometry using particle swarm optimization

Ricardo Fitas et al. Heliyon. .

Abstract

The present work presents an algorithmic approach to determine the optimal starting point for any complex geometry draping processes. The time-efficient Kinematic Draping Simulation (KDS) is used to assess the drapability of a geometry depending on many different starting points. The optimization problem is then solved by applying Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The proposed methodology is applied to and validated with complex geometry and a common part of the automobile industry: the B-Pillar geometry. The results show that the PSO algorithm may improve random search up to 78 times. After several experiments, PSO particles have discrete coordinates and are located at optimum global and local regions most of the time, leading to solutions for complex objective functions. The global solution is such that the starting point is located near the geometrical centre of the B-Pillar. The novelty of the work is evident: it uses optimization for a real engineering application, and it draws pattern-related conclusions for other geometries. Experimental results are shown to be consistent with simulation results.

Keywords: B-Pillar; Kinematic draping simulation; Particle swarm optimization; Starting point.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart for the classic PSO algorithm.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Number of publications per year related to PSO. Source: Google Scholar.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Illustration of the B-Pillar (left) and shear angle in the context of KDS (right).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Physical meaning of the K-value in the KDS, for an exemplary plain weave.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Visual identification of the PSO domain and shear angle evaluation domain.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Flowchart for the overall problem.
Figure 7
Figure 7
2D colormap for criteria C1 to C6.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Draping simulation with an optimum starting point.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Convergence analysis of different PSO configurations.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Position of passing planes where situations E1 to E2 occur.
Figure 11
Figure 11
PSO local optima and their consistency with simulations score.
Figure 12
Figure 12
Compartments of the B-Pillar and the sequence for each specimen.
Figure 13
Figure 13
Draping results of the specimen -1- to -6- with differing starting points.
Figure 14
Figure 14
Draping simulation with six different starting points.
Figure 15
Figure 15
Draping simulation with SPO starting point and K-values of 3 (left) and 12 (right).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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