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. 2022 Nov 3:9:974443.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.974443. eCollection 2022.

Dietary metal intake and the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in US men: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2004

Rui-Ji Liu  1   2   3 , Shu-Ying Li  4 , Zhi-Peng Xu  2   3 , Jun-Jie Yu  2   3 , Wei-Pu Mao  1   2   3 , Chao Sun  2   3 , Bin Xu  2   3 , Ming Chen  2   3   5
Affiliations

Dietary metal intake and the prevalence of erectile dysfunction in US men: Results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2004

Rui-Ji Liu et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

Background: Erectile dysfunction (ED) mainly affects men over 40 years of age and is a common clinical condition. In addition to hypertension and diabetes, environment, and lifestyle are also significantly associated with erectile dysfunction. The relationship between dietary trace metal intake and ED has not been studied.

Materials and methods: Data on participants were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey for this study, and those with incomplete information on clinical variables were excluded. Dose-response curve analysis was used to investigate the relationship between dietary trace metal intake and ED prevalence. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to adjust for confounders to further investigate the relationship between dietary trace metal intake and ED prevalence. 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to adjust for differences between clinical variables for data reanalysis to confirm the reliability of the results.

Results: A total of 3,745 individuals were included in the study, including 1096 ED patients and 2,649 participants without ED. Dietary intake of trace metals (Mg, Zn, Cu, and Se) was significantly higher in participants without ED than in ED patients (all P < 0.001). Dose-response curve analysis showed a significant negative association between these dietary metal intakes and ED prevalence (all P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounders (age, education, BMI, annual household income, hypertension, diabetes, marital status, race, and current health status) revealed that increased dietary metal intake reduced the odds ratio of ED. 1:1 PSM reanalysis further confirmed the validity of the results.

Conclusion: Increasing dietary intake of trace metals (magnesium, zinc, copper, and selenium) within the upper limit is beneficial in reducing the prevalence of ED.

Keywords: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); atherosclerosis; dietary trace metals intake; erectile dysfunction; nutrition.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Flow chart of the study population identification.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
The dose-response analysis of dietary metal intake and erectile dysfunction before propensity score matching. (A) Magnesium; (B) Zinc; (C) Copper; and (D) Selenium.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of dietary metal intake and erectile dysfunction before propensity score matching. (A) Magnesium; (B) Zinc; (C) Copper; and (D) Selenium.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Propensity score matching analysis for treated and control population.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
The dose-response analysis of dietary metal intake and erectile dysfunction after propensity score matching. (A) Magnesium; (B) Zinc; (C) Copper; and (D) Selenium.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
The adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) of dietary metal intake and erectile dysfunction after propensity score matching. (A) Magnesium; (B) Zinc; (C) Copper; and (D) Selenium.
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