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Review
. 2023 Feb;36(1):1-7.
doi: 10.1016/j.jpp.2022.11.001. Epub 2022 Nov 15.

[Diagnosis of a pediatric inflammatory multisystemic syndrome associated with COVID-19]

[Article in French]
C Bréhin  1
Affiliations
Review

[Diagnosis of a pediatric inflammatory multisystemic syndrome associated with COVID-19]

[Article in French]
C Bréhin. J Pediatr Pueric. 2023 Feb.

Abstract
in English, French

Following the spread of the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, a new disease entity has emerged, defined as Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystemic Syndrome temporally associated with COVID-19 (PIMS-TS), or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C). The purpose of this article is to detail the approach to establishing the diagnosis of pediatric multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (PIMS). PIMS is a rare and serious condition. This condition needs to be detected early to initiate emergency hospital management. PIMS should be considered in a child presenting with the following warning signs: high fever with marked deterioration in general condition and digestive signs. This syndrome should be considered in children with features of Kawasaki disease (typical or atypical) or toxic shock syndrome or in cases of acute heart failure/acute myocarditis. As this area is rapidly evolving, changes in the coming months are possible; as the pandemic progresses.

Suite à la propagation de la pandémie de coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), une nouvelle entité pathologique est apparue, définie comme le syndrome inflammatoire multi-systémique pédiatrique associé à la COVID-19 (PIMS-TS), ou le syndrome inflammatoire multisystémique chez l’enfant (MIS-C). Cet article a pour but de détailler la démarche pour établir le diagnostic de syndrome inflammatoire multi-systémique pédiatrique (PIMS). Le PIMS est une affection rare et grave. Cette affection nécessite d’être détectée précocement pour enclencher une prise en charge hospitalière en urgence. Il faut évoquer un PIMS chez un enfant présentant les signes d’appel suivants : fièvre élevée avec altération marquée de l’état général et présentant des signes digestifs. Ce syndrome doit être envisagé chez les enfants présentant des caractéristiques de la maladie de Kawasaki (typique ou atypique) ou du syndrome de choc toxique ou en cas de tableau d’insuffisance cardiaque aiguë/myocardite aiguë. Comme ce domaine évolue rapidement, des modifications dans les mois à venir sont possibles, au fur et à mesure de l’évolution de la pandémie.

Keywords: COVID-19; Pediatric Inflammatory multisystemic Syndrome; SARS-CoV2.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Distribution des cas de PIMS et des cas de COVID-19 (tout âge), par semaine d’hospitalisation, France, du 02/03/2020 au 08/05/2022 (données au 16/05/2022 de Santé publique France).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Différents symptômes décrits dans le PIMS.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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