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. 2022 Nov 3:10:951638.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.951638. eCollection 2022.

Association of simple renal cysts with metabolic syndrome in adults

Wei-Chen Shen  1 , Zih-Jie Sun  1   2 , Chieh-Ying Chou  1 , Yu-Tsung Chou  1   3 , Feng-Hwa Lu  1   4 , Yi-Ching Yang  1   4 , Chih-Jen Chang  1   5 , Jin-Shang Wu  1   2   4
Affiliations

Association of simple renal cysts with metabolic syndrome in adults

Wei-Chen Shen et al. Front Public Health. .

Abstract

Background and aims: Metabolic syndrome is common nowadays and may increase risk of hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular complications and even mortality. Renal cysts are also frequently found during routine examination. However, the relationship between simple renal cysts (SRCs) and metabolic syndrome remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of SRCs with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: A total of 16,216 subjects aged ≥18 years were enrolled in this study. SRCs were diagnosed with ultrasonography by finding: sharp, thin posterior walls, a round/oval shape, absence of internal echoes, and posterior enhancement. SRCs were categorized by number (0, 1, and ≥2) and size (<2 and ≥2 cm). Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the consensus statement from the International Diabetes Federation.

Results: In multivariate analysis, SRCs were positively related to metabolic syndrome (OR: 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06-1.34). The risk of metabolic syndrome was higher for SRCs with a number ≥2 (OR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.08-1.68) and size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.10-1.61). When considering the SRC number and size concomitantly, SRCs with a number ≥2/size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.02-1.98) or <2/size ≥2 cm (OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.04-1.62) were positively related to metabolic syndrome.

Conclusions: Simple renal cysts were found to be related to a higher risk of metabolic syndrome, and the association is more significant in those with larger (sizes ≥2cm) or plural (numbers ≥2) SRCs.

Keywords: hypertension; insulin resistance; metabolic disease; metabolic syndrome; renal cyst.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

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