Basic Science of Autologous Orthobiologics: Part 2. Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Abstract

In recent years, autologous biological preparations have emerged as a growing area of medical innovation in interventional orthopedical procedures and surgical interventions. These cellular therapies are often referred to as orthobiologics and are derived from patient's own tissues, like blood, bone marrow, and adipose tissue to prepare platelet-rich plasma (PRP), bone marrow concentrate (BMC), and adipose tissue concentrate (ATC), respectively. In this article, we emphasize and discuss the physiologic variability of autologous prepared BMC and ATC for the delivery of mesenchymal stem cells to support tissue repair processes.

Keywords: Adipose tissue concentrate; Angiogenesis; Autologous orthobiologics; Bone marrow aspirate concentrate; Immunomodulation; Inflammation; Mesenchymal stem cell; Regenerative medicine.