Basic Science of Allograft Orthobiologics

Abstract

Orthobiologic procedures are based on altering the microenvironment of musculoskeletal tissues to induce an anti-inflammatory effect and reduce pain, promote healing of these tissues, or provide mechanical support. Allograft tissues have these inherent qualities and can be used as such. This could provide patients whose own autologous tissues may be compromised or have contraindications to harvesting an alternative to treat their orthopedic conditions. Although these allograft therapies are promising, they lack high-quality clinical studies and regulatory guidelines currently limit their use.

Keywords: Allografts; Amnion; Bioactive scaffolds; Birth tissue-derived products; Chorion; Demineralized bone matrix; Wharton’s jelly.