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. 2024 Jan 1;58(1):39-45.
doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001811.

Recent Trends in the Incidence of Gastric Cancer in the United States

Kyle S Liu  1 , Syed Ahsan Raza  2 , Hashem B El-Serag  3   4 , Aaron P Thrift  2   5
Affiliations

Recent Trends in the Incidence of Gastric Cancer in the United States

Kyle S Liu et al. J Clin Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) incidence rates overall in the United States have declined over recent decades and are predicted to continue declining. However, there have been mixed recent findings regarding the potential stabilization of rates and potential divergent trends by age group. We used the most recent cancer data for the United States and examined trends in GC between 1992 and 2019, overall and in important subgroups of the population.

Methods: Age-adjusted GC incidence rates and trends in adults 20 years or older were calculated using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 12 program. Secular trends were examined overall and by age group, sex, race/ethnicity, SEER registry, and tumor location. We used joinpoint regression to compute annual percent changes, average annual percent changes, and associated 95% CI.

Results: GC rates decreased by 1.23% annually from 1992 to 2019. Despite overall decreases, GC incidence rates increased for age groups below 50 years, predominately driven by noncardia GC (74.3% of all GCs). Cardia GC (26.7% of GC) rates decreased in all age groups except for 80 to 84 years. Overall GC rates decreased for both sexes, all races, and for all SEER registry regions, with the largest decreases occurring in males, Asians and Pacific Islanders, and in Hawaii. Age-period-cohort analysis revealed that birth cohorts before 1940 and after 1980 both had increased rates of GC compared with the reference birth cohort of 1955.

Conclusion: GC rates overall have continued to decline through 2019, despite increases in the rate of noncardia GC for younger age groups.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing Financial Interests: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Longitudinal age curves of gastric cancer in SEER 12 from 1992 to 2019 and corresponding 95% confidence intervals.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Incidence rate ratios by period (reference cohort 2005-2009) for gastric cancer incidence in SEER 12. Shaded bands indicate the 95% confidence interval.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Incidence rate ratios by birth cohort (reference = cohort 1955) for gastric cancer incidence in SEER 12 database. Shaded bands indicate the 95% confidence interval.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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