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Review
. 2023 Mar;12(1):21-33.
doi: 10.1007/s40119-022-00288-0. Epub 2022 Nov 22.

Leadless Cardiac Pacing: New Horizons

Katarzyna Malaczynska-Rajpold  1 , Mark Elliot  2   3 , Nadeev Wijesuriya  2   3 , Vishal Mehta  2   3 , Tom Wong  1 , Christopher Aldo Rinaldi  2   3 , Jonathan M Behar  4   5   6
Affiliations
Review

Leadless Cardiac Pacing: New Horizons

Katarzyna Malaczynska-Rajpold et al. Cardiol Ther. 2023 Mar.

Abstract

Since the introduction of transvenous cardiac pacing leads, pacemaker system design has remained similar for several decades. Progressive miniaturisation of electronic circuitry and batteries has enabled a smaller, single pacing unit comprising the intracardiac electrodes, generator and computer. This review explores the development of leadless pacing, the clinical trials comparing leadless to transvenous pacing in addition to the future developments of multi-chamber leadless pacing.

Keywords: Leadless; Pacemaker; Pacing; Technology.

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Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Aveir Leadless Pacemaker by Abbott. Modified from Ibrahim et al. [16], with permission
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
MICRA transcatheter leadless pacing system by Medtronic. Modified from Ritter et al. [18], with permission
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
a Atrioventricular synchronous pacing percentage between VVI 50 bpm and VDD mode with Micra AV in 40 patients with complete heart block. b Change in left ventricular outflow tract velocity–time integral (LVOT-VTI) during VDD relative to VVI 50 bpm pacing with a Micra AV device. Modified from Steinwender et al. [41], with permission
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The WiSE CRT system. Reproduced from Wijesuriya et al. [50], with permission
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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